Bone tuberculosis is mostly secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis and can involve the soft tissues around the bone and even the skin on the body, resulting in flushing of the epidermis, increased local temperature, and in some cases, even penetration of the skin to form sinus tracts. Bone tuberculosis causes bone destruction and can spread to other systems throughout the body through the bloodstream. Most patients develop a low-grade fever and have increased local pain and limited movement. When bone TB involves the surrounding muscles and tissues, a cold abscess may form, which helps in the diagnosis of osteoarticular TB. The body is often forced to put the joints in special positions in order to relieve pain in the affected area, resulting in joint dysfunction, such as shoulder drop, elbow hemiflexion, ankle foot drop, cervical spine tuberculosis requiring two hands to support the jaw, and thoracic or lumbar spine tuberculosis resulting in protective muscle spasms that make bending difficult. The pain of bone tuberculosis is not obvious at the beginning, but as the lesion develops, symptoms of nerve compression, such as intercostal neuralgia, lumbar and leg pain, will appear and gradually worsen. The skin color of extremity joint tuberculosis is usually normal, and there will be a slight local heat sensation, joint swelling, and long-term movement restriction can cause atrophy of limb muscles. Bone tuberculosis can be treated by surgery, and oral anti-tuberculosis medication is also needed. Pay attention to rest, strengthen nutrition, and eat foods such as milk and parsnip have certain auxiliary effects on tuberculosis. In conclusion, bone tuberculosis is a serious tuberculosis disease that requires timely medical treatment to avoid aggravation, bone destruction, bone and joint function, and nerve damage. The specific situation should be under the guidance of clinicians.