More and more people are asking me about ABO hemolysis, so what exactly is ABO hemolysis all about? In general ABO hemolysis symptoms are very mild, most children do not need special treatment after birth, as long as timely blue light irradiation and drug treatment, the child’s condition can be alleviated, even in severe Rh hemolysis, if timely blood exchange, the majority of babies can be turned into a safe. 1, ABO blood group incompatibility can lead to hemolytic disease? It often occurs when the mother’s blood type is O and the father’s blood type is A, B and AB. The blood type of the fetus is determined by a combination of genes passed from each parent, so the blood type of the fetus may be different from that of the mother. If a mother with type O blood is pregnant with a fetus with type A blood inherited from the father’s side, because the mother with type O blood does not have A antigen in her body, when the red blood cells of type A fetus enter the mother’s body, the mother’s body will produce anti-A antibodies, and the anti-A antibodies will enter the baby’s body and cause the destruction of the baby’s red blood cells and hemolysis. However, not all babies born to mothers with type O blood will develop hemolytic disease, but some babies will develop the disease and some will not, and some will have mild symptoms and some will have severe symptoms. This is related to the amount of antibodies in the mother, the degree of binding of the antibodies to the fetal red blood cells, the strength of the A(B) antigen and the compensatory hematopoietic capacity of the fetus. As there are substances similar to A(B) antigen in nature, O mothers are often exposed to them before pregnancy, and subsequently these similar blood group antigen substances can stimulate O mothers to produce A(B) antibodies, which can enter the fetus through the placenta and cause hemolysis when the mother is pregnant. 2.What are the clinical manifestations of neonatal hemolysis? Jaundice: The bilirubin decomposed by the destruction of red blood cells is yellow, which can be distributed throughout the body, making the color of the body tissues yellow, as the skin and sclera (commonly known as white eyes) are located on the surface of the body, yellowing is the most obvious, that is, jaundice. Most newborns show signs of jaundice after birth, but when jaundice appears too early, develops too quickly, or the bilirubin level in the blood is too high, it is important to be aware of the possibility of hemolytic disease. Jaundice in infants with hemolysis often appears within 24 hours after birth or on the second day. Bilirubin encephalopathy: High bilirubin levels in the blood can damage brain cells and cause bilirubin encephalopathy, which is the most serious comorbidity of hemolytic disease. It usually occurs 2 to 7 days after delivery and is characterized by increased jaundice and neurological symptoms in the child, such as drowsiness, feeding difficulties, double vision, and convulsions. If left untreated, it can lead to death or have sequelae such as motor dysfunction and intellectual backwardness. Anemia: Due to the destruction of red blood cells, babies suffering from hemolysis have mild to severe anemia. Hepatosplenomegaly: In severe hemolysis, there is fetal edema and there may be obvious enlargement of the liver and spleen, a symptom mostly seen in Rh hemolytic disease. Fever: Fever may be a response of the body after pediatric hemolysis or in more severe bilirubin encephalopathy. The fever may not necessarily be high, but if it occurs as a result of the latter, it means that the condition has become more serious, at which time it must be taken seriously and treated in hospital in time.