”Health is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, but a general term for physical and mental well-being and good social adjustment.” The correct documentary source for this definition is the Preamble to the Charter of the World Health Organization (WHO). The charter was adopted by the International Conference on Health in New York on June 19D22, 1946, signed by representatives of 61 member states on July 22, 1946 (WHO Official Records, No. 2, p. 100), and has been in effect since April 7, 1948. The definition has not been modified since 1948, and in 1986 the World Mental Health Association proposed that health should also include good moral character.
The World Health Organization’s definition of health is as follows
1, have enough energy to cope with the stress of daily life and work without excessive stress.
2, optimistic, positive attitude, willing to take responsibility, not fussy about everything.
3.Good at rest and sleep well.
4.Strong resilience, able to adapt to various changes in the external environment.
5.Ability to resist general colds and infectious diseases.
6, proper weight, even body, standing, head, shoulders and arms position coordination.
7.The eyes are bright and responsive, and the eyelids are not easily inflamed.
8.Dental clean, no cavity, no pain, normal color of gums, no bleeding
9.Hair is shiny and free of dandruff.
10.Muscles and skin have elasticity. The first four of these are the content of mental health, and the last six are the biological aspects (physiology, morphology).
Four major factors affecting health.
1, behavior and lifestyle (smoking, alcohol abuse);
2, environmental factors (internal environment – immunity, nutritional status; physical and chemical environment – climate, air, water pollution, housing, work environment; biological environment – viruses, bacteria, animals, plants; social environment – family, society, school, workplace);
3, Biological factors (age, gender, genetics);
4. Preventive health services, including medical conditions, vaccination, health literacy, etc.
The “four cornerstones” of health: reasonable diet, moderate exercise, smoking cessation and alcohol restriction, and psychological balance.
The criteria of mental health are
1. Normal intelligence.
2.Emotional well-being.
3.Interpersonal harmony.
4.Adaptation to the environment.
5.Personality integrity.
Psychological problems are like the “cold”, almost everyone will encounter. Some information shows that the proportion of normal people with psychological disorders in China is about 20%. Mental health is built on the basis of physical health, the two cannot be separated, and should be included in the definition of overall health. Psychological disorders are the first in the incidence of disease in our country.
Criteria for judging abnormal psychology.
1, empirical criteria; one is the subjective experience of the individual, that is, self-evaluation, and the second is the judgment of the observer based on his or her own experience of the observed individual’s psychology and behavior in a normal or abnormal state.
2, statistical criteria; statistical criteria from the psychological measurement of normal psychological characteristics, the results of the measurement of the psychological characteristics of the general population is often normally distributed, in the middle of the majority of people belong to the normal psychological range, and away from the middle of the two ends are considered abnormal.
3, medical criteria; from the medical point of view, the method of judging physical diseases to determine whether the psychological state is abnormal, specifically, according to the presence of symptoms and causes as a criterion for determining whether the psychological abnormal.
4, social adaptation criteria; this is measured by the social norm as the standard. The so-called social norm refers to the psychological and behavioral conformity of normal people to social norms. If the individual’s psychological and behavioral performance is not compatible with society, it is considered to have the existence of psychological or behavioral abnormalities. Each of the above judgment criteria has its own advantages and shortcomings, and needs to be utilized in a comprehensive analysis.
Consequences of abnormal psychology: affecting work and study life, impulsive injury or suicide, psychological diseases (schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, etc.), causing or aggravating physical diseases (coronary heart disease, primary hypertension, ulcer disease, neurotic vomiting, migraine, etc.)
Worldwide, 1 million people die by suicide each year, and about 10 to 20 times as many people attempt suicide, i.e., one person dies by suicide every 40 seconds and one person attempts suicide every 3 seconds. More people die by suicide than by armed conflict or traffic accidents worldwide. When absolute numbers are calculated, 1/4 of the world’s suicides occur in India and China, with China accounting for 20%. More than half of all depressed people have suicidal thoughts, and 15-20% end up taking their own lives. Sixty percent of all suicides are caused by people with depression.