Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection of newborns can occur during three time periods: during maternal pregnancy, at delivery, and after birth. Of these, the time of delivery is an important point in time for a newborn to become infected with the hepatitis B virus. At this important time of delivering the baby, even with the best efforts, complete separation of maternal and infant blood and body fluids cannot be achieved, so that for the newborn, the opportunity to be infected with HBV exists. Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) is a special immunity against hepatitis B virus extracted from normal human blood, which is used to neutralize HBV that the newborn may be exposed to, surround it and destroy it. Generally, one injection of hepatitis B immune globulin is given intramuscularly within 24 hours after birth. The earlier, the better. Good maternal-infant interruption of hepatitis B is usually achieved. For newborns of mothers who are hepatitis B major and have a high viral load, a second dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin needs to be considered for newborns breastfed by mothers with a positive viral load. Of course, there are other specific circumstances that require consultation with a doctor before making a decision.