Symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis: a chronic disease in which the spine is the main lesion, manifested by low back pain and morning stiffness, limited mobility in all aspects of the lumbar spine and reduced thoracic mobility. Because the disease is relatively insidious, the course of the disease is protracted, especially the symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis clinical manifestations of a variety of forms, for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease brings many difficulties. Therefore, we hope to learn more about the symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis to achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. A, the symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis unique 1, back or lumbosacral pain 2, morning wake up is lumbar spine stiffness, unfavorable activity, called morning stiffness 3, ascending pain, that is, pain from the sacral upward spread 4, wandering chest pain 5, heel pain 6, asymmetric peripheral (limb) arthritis 7, spinal activity is limited, or even partially rigid 8, general fatigue, shortage of breath, weakness 9, vision loss or with iritis II. (a) systemic symptoms The vast majority of compulsory spondylitis develops in youth, often insidiously; the onset is rare over the age of 40. In women, the lesions develop slowly and the diagnosis is often delayed. The spondylitis is a systemic disease that can have systemic symptoms such as anorexia, low-grade fever, fatigue, weight loss and mild anemia. (B) Local manifestations 1, lower back pain and spinal stiffness are the most common manifestations. Lower back pain occurs slowly and is dull and painful, and it is not clear where the pain is, sometimes involving the buttocks. The pain can also be severe, concentrated near the sacroiliac joint, radiating to the iliac crest, the greater trochanter and the posterior femur, and at first the pain is either bilateral or unilateral, but after a few months it becomes bilateral, and lower back stiffness appears. Morning stiffness is a very common symptom and can last up to several hours. Prolonged inactivity makes the stiffness more pronounced, and patients often complain that it is very difficult to get up due to the stiffness and pain, and that they can only get up by turning to the side and rolling off the edge of the bed. 2, peripheral large joint inflammation 35% of compulsory spondylitis can have peripheral arthritis, the hip joint is the most common. Usually bilateral, the onset is slow, flexion contracture and ankylosis soon appear, in order to maintain an upright position, there is often compensatory flexion of the knee. The shoulder joint is the second most common site. Occasionally, the knee is affected. Other joints are rarely affected. 3, extra-articular skeletal pressure points mainly occur at the thoracic-rib junction, sphenoid, iliac crest, greater trochanter of the femur, tibial tuberosity, sciatic tuberosity, and heel, and sometimes these symptoms can also appear early. 4. Extra-skeletal lesions Mainly ocular lesions, which can have acute uveitis, the incidence can be as high as 25%. Cardiovascular disorders include aortitis, aortic valve insufficiency, heart enlargement, atrioventricular block, and pericarditis. Pulmonary lesions are mainly progressive fibrosis of the upper lobe of the lung. Neurological lesions are often secondary to spontaneous atlanto-occipital subluxation and cauda equina compression. The latter manifests as urinary and fecal disorders with saddle-like numbness in the perineum. 5.Weakness of thoracic expansion As the lesion progresses to the thoracic spine, the cribriform joint is involved, and chest pain and radiating intercostal neuralgia appear at this time. Only a few patients find that the thorax cannot be fully expanded during inspiration. Due to the ankylosis of the cribriform joints, the thorax cannot move during inspiration and can only breathe by the diaphragm during examination. Under normal circumstances, the maximum inspiration and exhalation, the mobility at the fourth intercostal space can be more than 5cm. Less than 5 cm should be considered as reduced thoracic expansion. In the early stage, there is rarely a weakening of the lung function. In the later stages, pulmonary ventilation is significantly reduced due to severe kyphosis and loss of thoracic expansion. The symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis are divided into early and late stages (a) early symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis: 1, adolescents have chronic generalized or persistent dorsolumbar pain with pressure pain in the spinous process; or scattered pressure pain, morning back and back stiffness, back and back pain when leaning back, which improves with activity; easy fatigue from standing or walking for a long time, sometimes with colic pain, with increased blood sink. 2.Adolescents with sciatica, recurrent attacks or rotating pain from left to right; those who have back and back pain or stiffness at the same time, and those who have slight changes in sacral hip X-ray. 3.In addition to back pain, adolescents also have hip, hip, inner and outer thigh, knee, shoulder, sternoclavicular joint, neck or intercostal neuralgia, accompanied by increased blood sedimentation and altered sacral hip X-ray. 4.Persistent back pain, accompanied by peripheral rheumatoid arthritis, with changes in the x-ray of the sacral hip joint. 5.No change in the X-ray film of sacral hip joint and no change in the protrusion of spinal joint, but the back and waist stiffness pain persists for more than six months, if the blood sedimentation increases. 6, unilateral sacro-hip joint has obvious X-ray changes, accompanied by back and back stiffness and pain, increased blood sedimentation. (2) Symptoms of mid-stage ankylosing spondylitis: neck, back, lumbar, hip, knee, shoulder, sternoclavicular joint, intercostal nerve, sacro-hip pain, restricted movement, with mild ankylosis. x-ray shows: destruction of the sacro-hip joint surface, blurring of the joint edges, narrowing of the gap, cystic degeneration, and slight sclerosis in part. (c) Symptoms of advanced ankylosing spondylitis: ankylosis of the neck, back, lumbar and hip, or hunchback deformity. x-ray shows: fusion or fixation of the sacro-hip joint, fusion of the spine or a bamboo joint shape. The symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis manifest in various forms and are very easy to misdiagnose. If treatment is delayed or improperly treated, lifelong disability can result. Therefore, once you have the above-mentioned manifestations, you must go to a regular hospital in time to achieve early diagnosis and early treatment to minimize the disability rate and improve the quality of life.