The SHH (Sonic hedgehog) signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of the nervous system and the development of neuroectodermal tumors. The classical SHH pathway functions through SHH binding to SMO oncogenes and promoting downstream transcription factor GLI activity. miRNA is an important regulator of the signaling pathway, but there are few reports on miRNA regulation of SHH signaling pathway in current glioma studies. Wenzhong Du et al. of the Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, conducted a study on the effect of miR-326 on the biological behavior of glioma, and the results were published in Neuro Oncol in February 2015. The study revealed that the SMO oncogene was highly expressed in glioma specimens and glioma cell lines by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis, and that high SMO expression correlated with the pathological grade and prognosis of glioma. The authors concluded that the expression of SMO oncogenes in gliomas was regulated by miR-326 targeting. By upregulating the miR-326/SMO axis, the malignant biological behavior of glioma is inhibited and the self-renewal and maintenance of multidirectional differentiation potential of glial stem cells, known as stemness maintenance, is regulated. It may provide a new direction for the treatment of glioma.