Contraceptive pills (prophylacticdrugs) generally refer to oral contraceptives, and there are female oral contraceptives, topical contraceptives and male oral contraceptives. The main effects of the pill are: to inhibit ovulation and to alter the cervical mucus so that sperm cannot penetrate easily, or to reduce the production of liver sugar in the uterine glands so that the blastocyst is less likely to survive, or to alter the way the uterus and fallopian tubes move, preventing the transport of the fertilized egg. The pill has been proven to have a protective effect on women by preventing primary dysmenorrhea and benign breast diseases (e.g. breast enlargement, breast fibroids) and reducing the incidence of ovarian and endometrial cancers. In terms of organismal metabolism, about half of the population develops reduced glucose tolerance, but not diabetes, because the secretion of insulin functions normally and the effects of the pill on protein and fat metabolism are not clinically significant. For thrombophilia, thrombophilia is rare due to the low dosage of estrogen in our country. From its introduction in the 1960s to the present, the pill has undergone 50 years of development, and the side effects of new contraceptives have been extremely low, while their safety has been high. The estrogen content of oral contraceptives has changed from 50 micrograms per pill at the beginning to 30 micrograms today, reducing the side effects of estrogen. At the same time, progestins have also been updated, such as (drospirenone), which is the closest to the natural progesterone properties of the combined short-acting oral contraceptive pill, and its safety has been improved even more.