Some patients with cirrhosis develop esophageal varices, and the rupture and bleeding of these submucosal varices is often fatal because of the high venous pressure and the coagulation and hemostatic dysfunction of the patient, which makes the bleeding large and fast, and shock can occur in a short time. Therefore, care should be taken to prevent bleeding after gastroscopy reveals the presence of esophageal varices. The methods to prevent bleeding are oral medication, endoscopic treatment, and surgical treatment. But first of all, the patient himself should pay attention in his life and living. Not eating irritating food as well as food with spines and bones can prevent the mucous membrane on the surface of varices from breaking, and eating should not be too fast, but chew slowly, which can prevent the food mass from cutting the esophageal mucous membrane on the one hand, and prevent the varices from being distended by a short time of violent increase in portal vein pressure on the other hand. Eating should not be too hot either. Patients should also maintain emotional stability, as some of our patients have hemorrhage when they are agitated and anxious, and they should not exert too much force, which can also increase the portal vein pressure when they exert more abdominal pressure. Drug treatment. The most commonly used drug in clinical practice is insulin, which has been proven to reduce portal pressure and can be taken under the guidance of a physician. However, it is effective in only 50% of patients. Treatment can also be achieved through gastroscopy by injecting a sclerosing agent such as sodium glycerate directly into the dilated vein in the esophagogastric fundus or by ligating the varicose vein to occlude the dilated vein. This treatment requires hospitalization and is generally available at tertiary care hospitals. Surgical treatment is required when the patient has a history of bleeding, or severe esophageal varices or even red signs seen on gastroscopy. The more common methods of surgical treatment are dissection and bypass, both of which have their advantages and disadvantages at present, and the surgical plan must be chosen according to the direction of the patient’s blood vessels and the conditions of the hospital. At present, the hepatobiliary surgery department of Ningxia Autonomous Region People’s Hospital performs portal vein CT and color Doppler hemodynamic evaluation before surgery, and selectively performs “selective flow dissection” and “selective splenorenal bypass” according to the hemodynamic characteristics of the patient. All of them have achieved good treatment results.