In the United States, about 36 million people have headache problems, and 6 million of them have headache at least 15 days a month, that is, one day in every two days. The latest “Chinese Headache Epidemiological Survey” published by the Pain Society of the Chinese Medical Association shows that the incidence of primary headache among people aged 18-65 in mainland China is 23.8%, and nearly a quarter of the Chinese population (more than 300 million people according to the 5th National Census, with a total population of over 1.3 billion) suffer from headache. The most common types of headaches are tension headaches and migraines, which account for 10.77% and 9.3% respectively, with each urban patient spending an average of $1,098.08 per year on headache treatment. Another study showed that the rate of insomnia among pain sufferers was about 27%, the rate of social dysfunction was about 49%, and the incidence of depression was about 60%. So headache is a common problem that affects the quality of life of the general public. However, many people believe that headaches are minor problems. In the modern society where medical resources are highly strained, patients with various kinds of critical illnesses are flooding wards and outpatient clinics, and relatively speaking, headaches that are not life-threatening in the short term and only intermittently affect the quality of life do not attract enough attention from specialists, and patients themselves think that headaches are not a big problem and that it is fine to take some medicine to control the pain. The patients themselves think that the headache is not a problem, so they can just take some medicine to control the pain. They do not seek standardized medical treatment and receive professional medical guidance. Shannon Babineau, MD, of Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City, New York, points out that headache triggers include hormonal changes, food, stress, bright lights, harsh sunlight, loud noises, odors, changes in waking sleep patterns, physical exertion, medications and other factors. A recent study presented at the American Headache Society’s 54th Annual Scientific Sessions in Los Angeles showed that mild headaches also have a strong relationship with the weather. Chronic, intractable headaches can even indicate serious and fatal illnesses, but the diagnosis of the cause is often difficult. The common clinical causes of headache are: headache caused by common cold or flu, sinus inflammatory headache, cranial hypertension headache, migraine, tension headache, and tumor-occupying headache, among others. How to diagnose and treat headache properly if you are unfortunately suffering from headache? From the patient’s point of view, the first thing to do is to overcome the misconceptions in the method and understanding, not to take painkillers whenever you have a headache and ignore it when it does not hurt. Wang Yan, director of the pain department of Tsinghua University Yuquan Hospital, suggests that headache patients can collect various information related to pain in their daily life in order to improve the efficiency of medical treatment, and keep a “headache diary” to record the specific location, nature and process of each headache attack, as well as the time, hospital, diagnosis, treatment and efficacy of each visit to the doctor. The headache diary should be kept in a timely manner. It is also a good way to keep the medical records, imaging data, and medication instructions during the visit, so that the specialist can understand the patient’s visit at a glance and save the time for consultation and understanding the course of the disease. At present, the mechanism of headache is complex and inconclusive, and it belongs to the category of “difficult and complicated diseases”, so patients should not be anxious about the efficacy of treatment, and they should not ask for a hit and never relapse. Any method or drug treatment requires at least two weeks of regular treatment before an objective judgment of efficacy can be given. Moreover, any treatment that can reduce the degree of pain and reduce the frequency of attacks can be called effective treatment. Long-term intractable headaches need to be treated according to the management model of chronic diseases. Based on the experience of seeking medical treatment, headache patients may choose general internal medicine, neurology, cerebral surgery, and mental health department for consultation, and after the screening of each department and except for specialized diseases, some patients can clarify the cause and get timely treatment, while some patients may go through a circle of screening and do a lot of examinations, but still cannot clarify the cause, Director Wang Yan advises patients that when the cause of headache cannot be confirmed, patients It is better to choose the pain department for consultation, and even some hospitals have special headache clinics to avoid patients from taking more detours in the consultation. How to treat headache and relieve the headache patients? Director Wang Yan proposed an effective solution to the current problem and the crux of the problem from the concept and method of treatment – “black box treatment method”. The so-called “black box treatment method” is to consider headache as a “black box” structure, because the internal pain mechanism is unknown, and adopt the strategy of ignoring the internal and focusing on the input and output responses of the stimulation factors, so as to transform the currently unachievable treatment of the cause into the treatment of the trigger that can be intervened. This is a new attempt in the methodology of headache treatment. Specific measures are hospitalization for comprehensive history taking and physical examination, exclusion of secondary headaches such as tumors through blood tests and imaging, and collection of information on the characteristics of headaches through specialty examinations and several migraine clinical trials. The department has developed a “headache patient scale” with clinical reference for headache triggers and typing, and based on the completion of the scale, combined with the patient’s “headache diary” and comprehensive examination results, all triggers and influencing factors related to headache are sorted out and summarized. We will systematically formulate a treatment plan for each trigger and intervene to prevent and reduce headache attacks. This is the basis for systematic analysis and treatment planning. The combination of conventional headache treatment methods: Chinese medicine, chemical drugs, and surgery is an effective treatment for headaches. Chinese medicine conditioning can strengthen one’s body, support the righteousness but not the evil, and more importantly, the concept of health and wellness can change people’s bad behaviors and keep them away from illness. Chemotherapy is divided into three categories: neurotropic, seizure prevention and seizure control. At this stage, the reason for the poor effect of drug treatment is, firstly, the headache mechanism is unknown, and there are many drugs, but the indications for selection are not strong; secondly, there is a lack of feedback and supervision of long-term systematic medication, so usually during the headache attack period, patients pursue immediate relief of pain and stop medication immediately when there is no pain, which does not achieve the purpose of long-term treatment and long-lasting peace. Therefore, systematic and long-term observation of medication use is the right way. Based on the “black box diagnosis method”, Tsinghua University Yuquan Pain Department has further proposed the concept of “drug typing”. The use of headache medication is guided according to the different types of triggering causes in order to improve the effectiveness of medication. Recent developments in surgical techniques have brought new hope to patients with intractable headaches. One of them, occipital nerve electrical stimulation, can be performed in 60-80% of drug-refractory headaches and is widely performed abroad. However, due to the dependence of all the instruments on imports and the high cost of treatment, there are very few domestic applications, but with perfect clinical treatment techniques and mature surgical protocols, some patients with superior economic conditions can also opt for such treatment protocols according to the needs of their conditions. In conclusion, we aim to control headache attacks through trigger control, drug typing, and occipital nerve electrical stimulation. Then, through the use of neurotrophic drugs, we can promote the recovery of damaged brain tissues and create a chance for the headache to be cured and not to recur. Ultimately, the headache disease will be defeated for the benefit of national health.