China is a high incidence area of liver cancer, the incidence rate is only second to stomach cancer and lung cancer, the most common age is 40~50 years old, the annual death rate is 20.40/100,000, which is the second cause of death of malignant tumors. Surgical resection is the best treatment for liver cancer. Couinaud used portal vein as the basis of anatomical division and divided the liver into 8 segments, each segment is a functional and anatomically independent unit. Hepatic resection according to the segmentation of the liver is called anatomic hepatectomy. Technological advances have been based on segment-based anatomic resection, which has greatly improved the safety of liver surgery and the thoroughness of tumor resection, as each segment can be resected independently or in conjunction with other connected segments. Advantages of anatomical resection: 1. Ensure that the margins are clean and free of tumors, and ensure that the patient has enough liver after the operation 2. Meet the principle of radical treatment of tumors 3. Reduce intraoperative bleeding and postoperative complications 4. Reduce the occurrence of postoperative liver failure 5. Reduce the possibility of shedding cancerous tissues or cells, intrahepatic dissemination and distant metastasis due to the extrusion of the tumor during the operation. At present, anatomical hepatectomy has achieved very good clinical results, and with postoperative adjuvant interventional embolization, chemotherapy and biotherapy, it can prolong the survival period of patients and improve their quality of life.