Thyroid nodule puncture is indicated for thyroid nodules with a diameter of more than 1 cm, a grade IV or higher, and a suspicion of malignant transformation. If thyroid cancer cells are found by nodal puncture, radical thyroid cancer resection with lymph node dissection in the neck is recommended. If thyroid nodule puncture does not find malignant tumor cells, but the ultrasound grade is above grade IV, it does not mean that there is absolutely no risk of cancer, so regular observation and close follow-up are needed.