What are the causes of headaches?

  I often encounter patients on the Internet who are consulting about headaches and dizziness and are eager for their doctors to give advice on diagnosis and treatment. As a neurologist, I would like to say that consultation is not the same as seeing a doctor.  Let me take headache as an example. The etiology of headache is very complicated, such as tuberculous meningoencephalitis, brain tumor, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, venous sinus thrombosis and many other organic diseases can cause headache, as well as occipital greater nerve, temporal arteritis and sinusitis. If only the manifestations of headache are described, even in detail, without the examination of a neurologist or even the need for comprehensive analysis of auxiliary examinations: head CT/MRI, EEG, etc., it is easy to cause misdiagnosis by omission. The etiology of these headaches is even life-threatening for patients. Some time ago, there was such a patient in my clinic, a 23-year-old male patient with headache for 1 week. After I inquired about the medical history and did a detailed physical examination, the patient had had a cranial CT done outside the hospital that did not suggest any abnormality, I felt that his headache was not a typical primary headache and there might be an underlying cause. It was found to be a posterior cerebellar tumor, a lesion that does not show up well on cranial CT. The patient later recovered well after surgery. By way of example, in neurology, there are many diseases that need to rely on the doctor’s detailed medical history and, more importantly, the patient’s face-to-face examination, so that the doctor can examine the patient carefully to avoid missing the diagnosis. The consultation platform provides convenience for patients, but do not seek convenience by not interviewing them, leading to missed diagnoses and delayed treatment.