Whether a thyroid nodule requires treatment depends on the type of lesion and whether it causes somatic symptoms. Thyroid nodules are commonly found in: nodular goiter, thyroid cysts, inflammatory nodules, and tumor nodules. The main cause of these nodules is the abnormal daily intake of iodine, which can be induced by excessive intake or too little intake. A thyroid cyst is a benign lesion. If the cyst is not particularly large and there are no symptoms of pressure, you can consider continuing to observe it and check it once every six months to a year or so. Nodular goiter is still a benign lesion category, but some patients may have malignant tendency. It is necessary to improve the examination first to clarify the specific situation of the nodule, and also to determine whether the nodule affects the secretion level of thyroid hormone, and if it causes hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, we should consider whether to control it with medication, and for patients whose treatment is ineffective, then consider surgical treatment. The treatment of inflammatory nodules depends mainly on the patient’s systemic symptoms. Tumor nodules are relatively more complicated and generally require biopsy to clarify the diagnosis of tumor before surgery. After surgery, appropriate radiotherapy regimen will be selected according to pathological results and surrounding metastases. In conclusion, if thyroid nodules are found, don’t be too nervous first, understand the condition after examination, and then follow up with observation or treatment under doctor’s medical advice.