What are the signs of sulfur-like reactions to alcohol withdrawal?

Alcohol withdrawal sulfur-like reaction, also known as disulfiram-like reaction, mostly occurs during or after the application of cefoperazone or metronidazole and other drugs, and its main manifestations are headache, dizziness, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, shortness of breath, drowsiness, hallucinations, facial flushing, increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, etc., and can be fatal in severe cases. Clinical manifestations mostly appear 15-30 minutes after drinking alcohol or when ethanol-containing solution is injected intravenously, and the symptoms may disappear in a few hours. The mechanism is thought to be that the cefoperazone contains a methylsulfotetrazole syndrome chain that inhibits the activity of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, resulting in the accumulation of acetaldehyde. The common drugs that cause “withdrawal sulfur-like reaction” are: 1, cephalosporins, such as cefoperazone, ceftriaxone, etc.; 2, imidazoles: such as metronidazole, ornidazole, etc.; 3, other antibacterial agents: such as furazolidone, ketoconazole, compound sulfamethoxazole, isoniazid, etc.; 4, sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs: such as gliclazide, glipizide Other drugs: warfarin, tolazurin, etc. After the occurrence of “withdrawal sulfur-like reaction” should be immediately sent to the hospital to avoid delays.