Pathology is the bridge between basic medicine and clinical medicine; pathology diagnosis is the final diagnosis and the “gold standard”; pathologist is the “hospital judge” and “doctor’s doctor”. (1) According to statistics, the correct diagnosis rate is 50% according to medical history, physical examination and laboratory tests, plus 75% for imaging, and 99% for pathology, so it is called the “gold standard”. (2) Cervical cytology screening can monitor cancer years before it occurs, and fine needle aspiration of breast and thyroid can make diagnosis at the early stage of cancer, so that many cancer patients can be cured. (3) Intraoperative pathological diagnosis is pathological emergency, solving diagnostic problems on the operating table and deciding the surgical approach and scope of surgery. (4) Decide the choice of postoperative treatment options (radiation therapy, chemotherapeutic procedures, targeted therapy) and make prognostic judgments.