Malignant glioma is the most common brain tumor with infiltrative growth, high recurrence rate after surgical resection, high side effects of conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and the efficacy is not ideal. According to clinical observation, 90% of recurrences are within 2 cm of the primary foci, so the key to control recurrence, prolong survival and improve the quality of life of patients is to kill the tumor cells remaining around the primary foci after surgery. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective adjuvant method for the treatment of malignant tumors, in which a certain amount of photosensitizer is given to the patient intravenously before surgery, and the concentration of photosensitizer gathered in the tumor cells reaches its maximum value with the extension of time. The photochemical reaction of the photosensitizer in the tumor cells produces monooxygen ions with relative specificity to kill the tumor cells. The ratio of photosensitizer concentration in tumor tissue to normal tissue is 30:1 in glioblastoma multiforme, 12:1 in mesenchymal astrocytoma, and 8:1 in astrocytoma, and the surrounding normal tissue cells are less damaged and have less adverse effects due to low concentration and fast metabolism. Many scholars at home and abroad have conducted a lot of basic and clinical research on PDT for the treatment of malignant tumors, and have made remarkable progress.