Studies have shown that China is a high prevalence and hardest hit area for viral hepatitis (“hepatitis”), with a carriage rate of more than 10% in the general population. There are five recognized types of hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E viruses, and the most infectious and harmful to the infected are B and C, which are the types of hepatitis commonly referred to in clinical practice. Due to abnormal immune function, blood transfusion and cross-infection during hemodialysis, the infection rate of hepatitis B and C (“hepatitis B” and “hepatitis C”) is higher in patients with uremia, especially in those receiving hemodialysis, and is as high as 30% in China. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection is higher, reaching about 30% in China. Studies have shown that the incidence of liver failure and mortality rate after kidney transplantation is significantly higher in uremic patients with hepatitis B and C before surgery compared to non-hepatitis patients. So, can uremic patients with hepatitis undergo kidney transplantation? Can a potential kidney donor with hepatitis donate a kidney for kidney transplantation? If hepatitis patients can receive kidney transplantation, what are the precautions to take after the surgery? Today, Dr. Wang will give you the corresponding answers to the above three questions. (The hepatitis mentioned below includes hepatitis B and C, unless otherwise specified) Can patients with hepatitis receive kidney transplantation? After kidney transplantation, long-term immunosuppressive drugs are required, but this may lead to activation and replication of hepatitis virus after surgery. If the test results indicate that the virus is in active replication, that is, patients with active hepatitis are not suitable for kidney transplantation in the short term. Only after standardized antiviral treatment and follow-up, when the hepatitis virus is confirmed to be under good control, can kidney transplantation be considered at this time. Can a potential donor with hepatitis donate a kidney for kidney transplantation? 1. If the type of hepatitis that a potential donor has is the type of hepatitis that the recipient is not infected with, it is usually not possible to donate a kidney for kidney transplantation. For example, if the potential donor has hepatitis C and the recipient has hepatitis B, or if the donor has hepatitis B and the recipient has hepatitis C. 2. If the recipient has been infected with the same type of hepatitis as the potential donor (for example, the potential donor has hepatitis B and the recipient is also a hepatitis B patient, or the donor has hepatitis C and the recipient is also a hepatitis C patient), whether the potential donor can donate a kidney, (taking into account the specificity and difficulty of treatment of hepatitis C virus infection, at present, for patients with hepatitis C uremia can accept kidney donations from other hepatitis C patients, there is still controversy. (Considering the special and intractable nature of hepatitis C virus infection, it is controversial whether patients with hepatitis C uremia can receive kidney donations from other hepatitis C patients. As the kidney transplantation requires long-term immunosuppressive drugs, the reduced immunity of hepatitis patients makes the hepatitis virus in the latent stage easily activated and replicated again in large quantities, and then enter the active stage of hepatitis, leading to damage of liver function and even endangering the lives of patients. Therefore, for patients with hepatitis B or C before surgery, serological tests for liver function, hepatitis markers and hepatitis virus replication should be performed regularly after surgery, and the need for antiviral medication and treatment plan should be decided based on the test results. Therefore, it is not impossible for some uremic patients with hepatitis to receive kidney transplantation, as long as they actively cooperate with the hospital’s pre-diagnosis and post-treatment, kidney transplantation can be performed when conditions are ripe.