Colonoscopies are often done in the clinic, and more and more patients are found to have rectal and colon polyps. Some patients are preoccupied with the discovery of colon polyps and seek medical advice everywhere to find a once-and-for-all treatment. Some patients find colon polyps, a carefree attitude, let it go, let it go. The discovery of colon polyps is multi-factorial, some may be related to dietary habits, some may be related to chronic colonic inflammation, some are related to genetic factors, and some are related to the current examination devices. The detection rate of colonic polyps has indeed improved significantly due to the update of endoscopic equipment, the improvement of endoscopists’ operating skills, and the improvement of patients’ compliance with the examination. Some patients find polyps and are very frightened because they know that polyps are precancerous lesions of colon cancer, so they see them as imminent colon cancer and are therefore in a state of panic. In fact, when colon polyps are found, endoscopic resection or cauterization treatment is the main treatment to avoid the occurrence of cancer. As for non-surgical treatment, such as drug eradication treatment of polyps, it is not helpful. However, it is not true that all polyps will become cancerous. So what is going on with colorectal polyps? 1, rectal and colon polyps are bulging lesions that occur on the mucosal surface of the rectum and colon, which are round, oval and irregular in shape, some with a tip, seemingly like grapes, or like strawberries, some without a tip, and some creeping on the surface of the colonic mucosa. Some of them are single, some are multiple. 2, polyps are inflammatory polyps, juvenile polyps, hyperplastic polyps, misshapen polyps, adenomatous polyps, colonic polyposis, cancerous polyps, etc. 3, inflammatory polyps are polyps caused by chronic inflammation of the intestine, such as common as intestinal tuberculosis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, chronic bacillary dysentery, intestinal parasitic disease, etc., is a mucosal change of chronic inflammation of the intestine. 4, juvenile polyps are commonly found in children, often retention polyps, which can be clinically manifested as blood in the stool, and are often found as a result. 5. Hyperplastic polyps are often found in the rectal area, most of them are small, 0.1-0.3 cm in diameter, flat, white, and often multiple. Some polyps are neuroendocrine tumors, or carcinoid tumors, etc. These polyps are found to be ablated or eradicated by endoscopic excision or cauterization. 6, inflammatory polyps, in addition to endoscopic treatment of local polyps, but also need to actively control the intestinal mucosal inflammation with drugs. 7, misshapen polyps, mostly seen in polyposis nigricans syndrome, also known as P-J syndrome, are non-adenomatous polyps, but have a certain rate of cancer. Periodic colonoscopic removal of polyps is required. In this part of the patients, they are often diagnosed with dark spots on the skin of the mouth, lips, palms, fingers and toes, and occasionally colon polyps are found during colonoscopy. 8.Adenomatous polyps include tubular adenoma, villous adenoma and serrated adenoma. This kind of polyp needs our close attention and needs to be treated actively, with endoscopic resection treatment preferred, because this type of polyp has the risk of cancer and the risk of cancer is higher. 9.If we find multiple adenomas at the same time, it is impossible to do pathological biopsy for each one of them, so it is recommended to treat them by endoscopic resection in stages, especially for tubular adenomas with diameter greater than 1.0cmm and pathology suggesting villi-like structures, especially those with low-grade or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and serrated changes, which are high-risk polyps and need to be treated promptly and monitored by regular review because of their high risk of carcinogenesis. 10, colonic polyposis, which refers to multiple colon polyps, up to 50, or even densely packed with more than 100 polyps of different sizes and shapes. The cancer rate of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is 100%, and some doctors even believe that it is best to use total colectomy to prevent future cancer. Some patients with colon polyposis have so many and large polyps that it is impossible to completely remove them endoscopically in one visit and require staged treatment. This facilitates postoperative intestinal mucosal repair and reduces complications from endoscopic resection. The surgeon may remove more than ten polyps at a time, requiring multiple polyps to be removed over time. Since endoscopic resection allows the colon to be preserved, it also preserves the physiological function of the colon and does not circumvent colon cancer by removing an organ, as is the case with total colectomy. Although total colectomy can prevent colon polyps from becoming cancerous, the risk of malnutrition will be significantly higher without a total colon, and the quality of life may be greatly affected, so it is not worth advocating the use of total colectomy to treat colon polyps in the first place to prevent the occurrence of polyps from becoming cancerous. As to what kind of treatment should be adopted, it is necessary to have a thorough evaluation by a specialist and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the treatment together with the patient to make a final decision.