Swelling of the right hand after waking up is commonly due to the following causes: first, the patient sleeps in the lateral position to compress the axillary vessels, resulting in obstruction of venous return to the upper extremity causing blood pooling in the veins of the upper extremity and increased tissue gap tension resulting in swelling of the hand; second, rheumatoid arthritis invades the interphalangeal joints of the fingers, causing synovitis of the interphalangeal joints, with clinical manifestations of joint swelling and fluid accumulation, usually accompanied by systemic symptoms, such as peripheral weakness, hypothermia, weight loss; third, interphalangeal arthritis caused by rheumatic fever, manifested by swelling and pain in the joint, often free, and systemic symptoms including fever, annular erythema, usually with foci of streptococcal infection, such as tonsillitis. Swelling of the right hand can be relieved by restoring blood supply to the upper extremity, elevating the affected extremity, and treating the original disease.