1.Incidence Gallbladder stones are a common and frequent disease worldwide, mainly cholesterol stones or cholesterol-based mixed stones, and their incidence is 10%-20% in western countries. The incidence of gallbladder stones in China is also increasing year by year, from 2% to 7% to the current 8% to 10%. Symptoms of gallbladder stones The symptoms of gallbladder stones depend on the size and location of the stones, as well as the presence of obstruction and inflammation. Larger gallbladder stones may cause indigestion and discomfort in the upper and middle abdomen or right upper abdomen, belching and aversion to greasy food. Smaller stones may cause biliary colic and acute cholecystitis due to obstruction of the gallbladder duct after a full meal, eating fatty food, or lying down at night. Due to the contraction of the gallbladder, smaller stones may enter the common bile duct through the cystic duct and cause acute cholangitis and acute pancreatitis. The incidence of gallbladder cancer in patients with gallstones increases with age, and those with gallbladder stones larger than 2 cm also cause more cancer. 3.Diagnosis of gallbladder stones Patients with typical right upper abdominal pain should be alerted to gallbladder stones, which can be diagnosed by ultrasound examination, but gastroscopy is recommended for recurrent patients to exclude the possibility of gastroduodenal disease because the symptoms of both diseases are similar. Treatment of gallbladder stones Asymptomatic gallbladder stones generally do not require active surgical treatment and can be observed or followed up. For gallbladder stones with symptoms, recurrent attacks and complications, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is preferred. Aggressive surgical treatment should be considered in the following cases: (1) stones greater than or equal to 3 cm straight through; (2) combined with surgery requiring open abdomen; (3) accompanied by gallbladder polyps greater than 1 cm; (4) significant thickening of the gallbladder wall, gallbladder wall calcification or ceramic gallbladder; (5) gallbladder stones in children; (6) combined with diabetes, cardiopulmonary dysfunction and other underlying diseases; (7) remote or inaccessible areas, field (8) people who have found gallbladder stones for more than 10 years; (9) people who have had severe cholecystitis, acute cholangitis or acute pancreatitis. Because of the high recurrence rate of stones, the inability to eradicate the inflammation of the gallbladder and the high risk of surgery, the so-called “biliary lithotripsy”, which preserves the gallbladder, is not recommended.