Compared to adults, coronary artery bypass grafting in children is technically difficult and risky. The thickest coronary artery in children is only about 1 mm, which is only 1/3 of that in adults, and it is necessary to take into account that children’s hearts also increase in size as they grow and develop. Professor Zhao Qiang chose the artery, which is more elastic than the vein but thinner and more difficult to obtain, as the bridge vessel. The radial artery and internal mammary artery were isolated from the child’s left arm and left thorax, respectively, and two “bridges” were made under the microscope after delicate work on two arteries only 1 mm in diameter. An interrupted suture with one stitch and one knot was used in the anastomosis. Although the operation was thus much more complicated, this anastomosis has growth potential and is important for the long-term outcome of the child. The surgeons also removed the aneurysm that was at risk of rupture during the operation. The entire procedure went very well and the child is expected to be fully recovered and discharged from the hospital in one week. About Kawasaki disease Kawasaki disease, also known as acute febrile cutaneous mucosal lymph node syndrome, is a systemic organ inflammation centered on vasculitis that occurs mainly in children aged 1-5 years. This systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology was named after Kawasaki’s in Japan, who first reported the disease in 1962. The main manifestation of Kawasaki disease is a fever lasting more than 5 days and ineffective treatment with antibiotics, which is easily ignored by parents because the symptoms of the disease are more similar to other diseases. The incidence of myocarditis and coronary vasculitis in the acute phase is about 25% to 50%, and is the main cause of death in the acute phase. The main changes are aneurysmal dilatation and thrombosis of the coronary arteries blocking the lumen causing stenosis or occlusion. Fifty percent of these aneurysmal lesions can regress on their own within 1 to 2 years. Early diagnosis and high-dose globulin therapy are effective in reducing the occurrence of aneurysmal lesions and accelerating their regression. 4.7% of children with Kawasaki disease have myocardial infarction, with a mortality rate of 22% after the first infarction, 66% after the second, and 87% after the third. The Japanese Ministry of Health diagnostic criteria for coronary artery aneurysm-like lesions: lumen I.D. >3 mm in children under 5 years of age or lumen I.D. >4 mm in children over 5 years of age; lumen I.D. R1.5 times the lumen I.D. of the adjacent vessel at the site of the lesion or significant lumen abnormality. The American Heart Association defines an aneurysm with an internal diameter 4 times the lumen diameter of the coronary artery or >8 mm as a severe lesion (giant aneurysm). Giant aneurysms cannot be prevented from developing into stenotic lesions even with effective antiplatelet therapy.