Answers to Frequently Asked Questions about Kawasaki Disease

1.What are the drugs of choice for the treatment of Kawasaki disease? Aspirin, gammaglobulin 2. When is the best time to infuse gammaglobulin? How to calculate the infusion dose? The best time to use IVIG is 5-10 days after the onset of the disease, the application of IVIG can effectively reduce the incidence of CAL. Infusion dose: 2g/Kg, can be administered within 24h or 48h, or over 5 days. 3. Some children are not sensitive to gammaglobulin, what should be the next step of treatment? (Will the hormone contribute to the generation of coronary aneurysm?) (1) Standard treatment (aspirin + gammaglobulin) 36h after the body temperature is still high (more than 38.5 ℃) can be used again with a large dose of IVIG (2g / Kg) re-infusion; (2) Intravenous glucocorticosteroids, can be used methylprednisolone. Glucocorticoid can promote thrombosis, easy to occur coronary artery aneurysm and affect the repair of coronary lesions, so it is not appropriate to use alone. 4.What is the need to adjust the dose of aspirin or change the drug? After the fever subsides for 3d, adjust the dose of aspirin according to the condition and the results of blood test and CRP. If there are serious adverse reactions, stop the drug immediately and change to other drugs. 5.When do I need to take Pansentin? How is the dose calculated and how long do I need to take it? KD children with combined coronary artery damage (CAL) should take aspirin (30~50mg/Kg.d) at the beginning of the treatment, and after the fever subsides, the aspirin should be changed to (3~5mg/Kg.d) for 3d, and at the same time take dipyridamole (Pansanthenol) for 3~5mg/Kg.d until the CAL disappears; KD children with significantly elevated platelet counts can take additional dipyridamole (Pansanthenol) for about 2~3 months, and after the platelet counts return to normal, the dose of dipyridamole can be increased. The drug can be stopped only when the platelet count returns to normal after 2~3 months. 6.Is there any side effect of taking aspirin for a long time? How to monitor? Long-term use of aspirin is likely to increase the risk of bleeding, should be regularly recheck the blood routine, coagulation function, and pay attention to review the liver and kidney function. 7.Can aspirin be taken at the same time with warfarin? How to calculate the dose of warfarin and how long do I need to take it? Does taking warfarin for a long time have any effect on children? Yes, the dose of warfarin is 0.1mg/Kg.d, and the time of taking warfarin depends on the condition. Prolonged use of warfarin may increase the risk of bleeding, and the International Normalized Ratio (INR), blood count and coagulation function should be tested regularly, but otherwise there is no significant effect. 8. When do I need intervention and bypass surgery? Late complications of Kawasaki disease include coronary artery stenosis and myocardial infarction, which are mainly treated by intervention and surgery. Coronary artery bypass grafting should be considered when the child has the following conditions: (1) severe stenosis of the left main coronary artery; (2) severe obstruction of more than 1 major coronary artery; (3) severe obstruction of the proximal segment of the left anterior descending branch; and (4) the side vessels are at risk. 9. Does the child need to take medication for life? What are the criteria for stopping the medication? No lifelong medication is required. Children without complications such as coronary artery dilatation should stop taking the drug in about 3 months. If there is a combination of coronary artery disease, the drug should be taken until the disappearance of coronary artery disease before stopping the drug.