Clinical features of female patients 1, peripheral joint involvement is obvious: peripheral joint involvement is more common in female patients with ankylosing spondylitis, such as shoulder, elbow, wrist, knee, ankle, toe, temporomandibular joint, etc., while thoracic and lumbar spine involvement is reduced compared to men. The incidence of knee involvement, neck involvement, and pubic symphysis involvement is higher in female patients than in males. With the same disease course, clinical symptoms are milder in female patients, less often involving the entire spine, and imaging changes are more common with early signs. The incidence of sacroiliac arthritis is higher in women than in men; the formation of intervertebral bridges/bamboo-like changes in the spine is significantly higher in men than in women, the reasons for these differences are unclear, and it is thought that they may be related to the physiological anatomy of women. 2. manifestations other than joint involvement: the incidence of anemia is higher in female patients than in males; cardiac involvement is more common in female patients than in males, but some studies have also reported more cardiac involvement in males than in females; the incidence of iridocyclitis is higher in female patients than in males, and the reasons for this are unclear. 3, laboratory indicators: the incidence and mean values of abnormal CRP (C-reactive protein) and ESR (blood sedimentation) are higher in female patients than in males during the acute phase. However, most studies in recent years have shown that there is no significant difference between male and female patients. In addition, the rate of rheumatoid factor positivity has been reported to be higher in women with AS than in men, suggesting that women may be more likely to have rheumatoid arthritis in combination than men. Diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis in women Patients with ankylosing spondylitis in women have relatively mild disease, and some patients with mild sacroiliac arthritis changes, ordinary X-ray examination is difficult to accurately show the true lesion results, using CT examination can accurately measure and evaluate the sacroiliac joint space, improve the detection rate of joint surface erosion, cystic changes and cortical disruption, etc., which is conducive to early diagnosis, so for suspicious cases it is recommended to apply CT examination Therefore, CT examination is recommended for suspicious cases. MRI can show fatty deposits and bone (marrow) edema in the pars interarticularis that cannot be shown by CT, and large fatty deposits may be related to the repair of sacroiliac arthritis, and bone (marrow) edema in the pars interarticularis indirectly reflects the existence and activity of inflammation. Therefore, the application of CT and MRI can clarify the existence of inflammation of sacroiliac joint as early as possible and facilitate early diagnosis. For some patients who cannot be temporarily identified as having ankylosing spondylitis, they should also be included in this category for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up observation if their presentation meets the classification criteria for spondyloarthropathies developed by the European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group. Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis in women There is no cure for this disease, but most patients with early diagnosis and treatment can control their symptoms, relieve their condition, and improve their prognosis. The main objectives of treatment are: 1) to control inflammation and relieve symptoms through medication; 2) to prevent ankylosing deformities of the spine and hip joints to maintain their optimal functional position; 3) to avoid adverse effects caused by medication; and 4) to emphasize comprehensive treatment.