He Shou Wu is a common clinical herbal medicine, which is widely used for its legendary efficacy and is said to have “rejuvenating” and “prolonging life” effects. It is used to treat blood deficiency and dizziness, liver and kidney yin deficiency, premature graying of the hair, soreness of the waist and knees, sore muscles and bones, spermatorrhea, numbness of the limbs, insomnia, leaking of blood, and prolonged dysentery. It is cold, bitter, and belongs to the liver, kidney and large intestine. It is used for constipation, hemorrhoids, carbuncles and other symptoms, but it is toxic. Modern pharmacological research shows that Shou Wu has an inhibitory effect on the increase of serum cholesterol in experimental rabbits, and can reduce the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine; Shou Wu has an inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium dysenteriae; it has a cardiotonic effect on isolated frog hearts, especially on fatigued hearts, and its cardiotonic effect is more significant; Shou Wu decoction has an ascending and then descending effect on blood sugar; Shou Wu also has fibrinolytic activity, which can make arterial Atherosclerosis patients to reduce the formation of thrombosis or microthrombosis. Radix et Rhizoma Polygonatum contains high levels of lecithin, which is the main component of brain marrow and one of the raw materials of blood cells, and can promote the production of blood cells, as well as antioxidant effects and increase the immune function of the body. Because of the above functions, He Shou Wu is highly respected by people, and people who have been to mountainous spots have seen the “He Shou Wu” stalls in the scenic spots. Young people use it to treat hair loss and gray hair; middle-aged and elderly people use it to treat weakness of the waist and knees, insomnia, constipation, lowering blood lipids, and treating fatty liver. As the saying goes, medicine has three toxins, so we need to understand the medicinal functions of He Shou Wu, but also be alert to its side effects. In recent years, we continue to receive patients hospitalized because of acute liver function damage, after excluding the common causes of hepatitis, carefully asked if they have recently eaten any drugs, some have used Shou Wu hair dye, Chinese medicine for hair loss (containing He Shou Wu), drinking tea containing He Shou Wu to lower lipids, etc., are in about 2 weeks of drug weakness, nausea, loss of appetite or accompanied by yellow urine, sclera yellowing of the eyes, to the One patient was treated with plasma exchange because her bilirubin rose above 400 and she had a tendency to have severe hepatitis. In recent years, liver injury caused by taking he shou wu has been commonly reported. This kind of acute drug-induced liver injury caused by drugs, if not treated in time, some develop into severe hepatitis and even life-threatening. The toxic components of He Shou Wu are mainly rhubarb acid, rhodopsin and other onion stuffing derivatives. The mechanism of causing liver injury is not clear. At present, the clinical reports of he shou wu caused liver damage mainly due to the following reasons: 1, the production of toxic substances: he shou wu in the body in the process of metabolism, produced a kind of liver damage of toxic substances, can cause hepatocyte lipid peroxidation reaction to cause liver cell necrosis; 2, excessive dose: in pursuit of rapid effect and excessive dose or long-term use of he shou wu is one of the main causes of liver damage; 3. Physical factors: the patient’s specific physique is one of the reasons for the appearance of adverse reactions to traditional Chinese medicine specific physique refers to the emergence of toxic side effects and drug quality and dose, they can occur in normal doses or less than the normal dose of serious toxic side effects. A similar case in other members of the family was diagnosed as acute liver injury with genetic defects caused by He Shou Wu, the cause of which may be related to genetic liver metabolism enzyme defects. It can be seen that, in addition to the rational use of drugs, clinical attention should be paid to the possibility of toxic side effects of certain traditional non-toxic Chinese medicines in a small number of patients with specific physique, so that the toxic side effects of Chinese medicines can be avoided as much as possible.