When some patients with prostate disease often encounter elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in blood, transrectal prostate ultrasound, MRI or abnormal rectal examinations, and need to face prostate puncture, many patients often hesitate to follow medical advice to undergo a puncture biopsy, and some even take an evasive attitude, which not only delays the condition, but also endangers the life of the patient by not getting the right treatment in time. This not only delays the disease, but also endangers the life of the patient due to the lack of proper treatment. Prostate cancer is a common malignant tumor in the West, and its incidence in China is increasing year by year. In 2013, nearly 80 new prostate cancer patients were diagnosed in our department, however, 90% of them were already in advanced stage and lost the chance of early treatment, so early diagnosis and early treatment are the means to effectively cure prostate cancer. Our urology department is the only unit in Hunan province that uses ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate puncture of the prostate above 12 points, and the only unit in the province where urologists perform this type of technology, and I have been the one to undertake this work. Since 2012, I have performed nearly 400 prostate puncture biopsies. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who have been in the business for a long time. The first thing that I would like to know is what is a prostate puncture biopsy? When should I undergo a puncture? A: A prostate puncture biopsy is an invasive pathological examination that is the only way to confirm a disease of the prostate tissue. Under ultrasound guidance, a fine needle can be inserted into the prostate through the rectum or through the perineum to extract thin strips of prostate tissue for the purpose. Its extraction is more precise, with high accuracy and positive biopsy rate. At present, the multiple needle puncture method with more than 12 points is used instead of the conventional six-point puncture method, which improves the positive rate of biopsy. The prostate puncture biopsy is required when the following problems are found: (1) Elevated serum PSA greater than 4ng/ml. (2) Prostate mass or hard prostate on rectal palpation. (3) Transrectal prostate ultrasound suggests nodal changes, suggesting a possible tumor. (4) MRI of the prostate suggests the possibility of prostate tumor. Q2. Will prostate puncture biopsy cause tumor metastasis and aggravate the disease? A: Many patients are concerned that prostate puncture biopsy may cause prostate tumor to spread. The clinical studies available at home and abroad have shown that prostate puncture biopsy does not induce tumor spread and is a safe and reliable examination method. Q3: What do I need to do before undergoing a prostate puncture? A: First of all, blood tests should be done in the hospital to check blood count and coagulation function to determine if there are contraindications to puncture such as anemia, thrombocytopenia and bleeding tendency. Existing studies (European Association of Urology guidelines 2011) suggest that patients taking medications that affect coagulation such as aspirin, poliovirus, and low molecular heparin can undergo prostate puncture without the need to discontinue such medications. Elderly patients are routinely checked with an electrocardiogram to rule out any serious arrhythmias. Diabetic patients must have strict control of blood glucose before and after meals, otherwise serious complications may occur after puncture. Normal diet is allowed before puncture and fasting is not necessary. The bowels need to be evacuated before puncture, and a dilute iodophor enema can be given once. Oral or intravenous antibiotic treatment is given one hour before the operation to prevent the occurrence of postoperative infection. Of course, the patient or family members have to sign with the art for informed consent talk. Q4: What are the modalities of prostate puncture biopsy? A: At present, there are two main routes of ultrasound-guided transrectal puncture and transperineal puncture. Our hospital uses ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate puncture, which takes a total of about 15 minutes to perform and can be observed at home after the puncture. Q5: What do I need to pay attention to after a prostate puncture biopsy? A: 1. Generally, oral or intravenous antibiotics are used within 72 hours of the puncture, and no hemostatic drugs are needed. 2, after the puncture bed rest for 30 minutes can be out of bed activities, diet need to pay attention to light, less spicy food. 3. Mild hematuria or hematochezia may occur after the operation. Patients and their families do not need to be too nervous, as the symptoms can be gradually relieved within 5-7 days. 4.If more blood clots appear, it is necessary to explain to the doctor immediately and receive relevant treatment. 5.If there is difficulty in urination, you need to go to the hospital to receive catheterization treatment. 6.How long do I have to wait before I know the puncture result? The pathology reporting period in our hospital is about 5 working days.