1.What is plasma? Plasma is the fourth way of existence of matter in addition to gases, liquids and solids. Plasma contains a large number of free charged particles, has a large electrical conductivity, and the state of motion is mainly governed by the electromagnetic force of the state of matter. 2.What are the artificial plasma? The application of enhanced electric field to a gas or liquid can turn it into a low-temperature plasma state, such as: fluorescent tubes, neon red lights, plasma color TV, etc. Qingdao Municipal Hospital ENT Department Li Yongtuan 3.How is the application principle of artificial plasma in medicine realized? Through the strong radio frequency electric field of 100KHz to make the electrolyte (saline) into low temperature plasma state, the thickness of the plasma thin layer of 100 microns is formed in front of the scalpel head (electrode), and the free charged particles in the plasma thin layer get enough kinetic energy to interrupt the organic molecular bonds in the human tissue, so that the cells of the surgical target tissue are disintegrated as a unit of molecules, thus forming at low temperature (40~70°) The cutting and ablation effect of the tissue. When the energy of RF electric field acts on the tissue (including blood), the impedance of the tissue causes thermal effect, which results in tissue wrinkling and hemostasis. Unlike the previous thermal wrinkling technology that makes tissue necrosis through high temperature, plasma knife can precisely control the temperature at 60-70℃, which not only ensures to make collagen molecular spiral structure wrinkling, but also maintains the vitality of cells. 4.What are the applications of low-temperature radiofrequency plasma surgery in ENT? Low temperature RF plasma surgery in ENT is mainly used in tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, turbinate ablation, nasal polyp removal, nasopharyngeal fibrovascular tumor removal, pharyngeal tumor removal, palatopharyngoplasty, etc. It can also make the tongue root surgery no longer a forbidden area. 5.What are the advantages of low-temperature radiofrequency plasma surgery in ENT application? Disadvantages? Low temperature RF plasma surgery has micro-invasive features, its working temperature is much lower than traditional electrosurgical equipment, intraoperative safety, simplicity, clear vision, minimal bleeding, short operation time, light postoperative patient pain and fast recovery. It also has a high degree of precision, as the range of action of the accelerated ions in the thin layer of plasma is extremely short, only 100 microns, so that the ablation effect is precisely controlled in the surface layer of the tissue in contact with the radiofrequency electrode, with no effect on the deeper tissue and less damage to the surface of the wound. In addition, low temperature RF plasma surgery has high safety, using patented bipolar technology, the electric field exists only between the electrodes of the bipolar, not deep into the patient’s body, which can precisely control the energy, minimize thermal damage, and prevent damage to the nervous system. The blade used for low-temperature RF plasma surgery is a medical consumable, which is not yet included in the medical insurance reimbursement and belongs to the self-pay category, and the price is slightly higher. 6.What are the methods and advantages of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in the Department of Otolaryngology of Qingdao Municipal Hospital? The traditional tonsil peeling surgery, squeeze cutting surgery and adenoids scraping surgery are the basic surgeries in ENT department. In the process of clinical application, we found that there are some drawbacks of traditional surgery, such as more bleeding during the operation, easy to leave the residue (not clean), heavy postoperative pain, and easy to proliferate and recur the adenoids residue after the operation. For this reason, we have carried out 70° endoscopic plasma excision of tonsils and adenoids and endoscopic suction cutting surgery. Compared with traditional surgery, plasma surgery under direct endoscopy has the advantages of clear vision, less bleeding, less impact on surrounding tissues, shorter operation time, less damage, less painful reaction after surgery, quicker recovery, no residue left and less recurrence. Our hospital is the first unit in Qingdao to introduce the low-temperature RF plasma equipment produced by Jesse in the U.S. After a large number of cases of application, we have achieved good social and economic benefits. 7.Is there any difference between plasma surgery and conventional surgery for tonsillar and adenoid hypertrophy? There is no difference in the long-term prognosis of the patient between plasma surgery and conventional surgery for tonsil and adenoid hypertrophy, but it depends on whether the doctor does a thorough job. The key to safe arrival on the road is the driver (doctor). Our department can carry out both surgeries, we observe the use of low-temperature radiofrequency plasma ablation surgery is fast, short, basically no bleeding during the operation, the patient’s pain response after surgery is light, is a good tool (car), adenoidectomy we use transoral 70 ° endoscopic direct vision surgery, surgery to avoid the residual and recurrence of traditional adenoide scraping surgery, but because the low-temperature radiofrequency plasma tip is disposable supplies, the cost to be more expensive than conventional surgery.