Osteopoikilosis is a rare disease with a statistical incidence of less than 1 in 10 million people and can be asymptomatic. It is named for the diffuse patchy dense bone in the bone. Previous literature has referred to limited osteomalacia, diffuse concentrated bone disease, familial diffuse osteosclerosis, and punctate dense bone disease. The cause of osteomalacia is unknown, but it is suspected to be a congenital developmental abnormality, so there are no effective preventive measures for this disease. Therefore early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are the keys to prevent further damage from occurring in this disease. Young men and women should know the family medical history of both parties before marriage and practice eugenics. In the malignant type, most of the cases are stillbirths or death within a short time after birth, due to infection and anemia; in the benign type, the prognosis is good, but it depends on the degree of anemia and its compensation. The mortality rate is as high as 70% to 80% in the first year of life. Patients will develop facial palsy, anemia, developmental delay leading to blindness, deafness, inability to hold the head, stand, walk or speak, and will basically not survive childhood if not treated properly.