The etiology of adenocystitis is poorly understood and is associated with chronic inflammation, obstruction, stones and other chronic irritations; it has also been postulated that vitamin deficiencies, toxic metabolites, hormonal imbalances and specific carcinogens may be present. Pathology The typical presentation is found with Brunn’s nest. The migrating epithelium grows out and forms a Brunn’s nest, followed by glandular metaplasia in the center of the nest, called cystic cystitis. The cells of the cystic wall further metastasize into columnar epithelial cells, called adenoid cystitis. Cystoscopic manifestation of follicular nucleated edema type is the majority presentation. The nucleated vesicular granules are diffusely distributed among the normal mucosa, and the nuclei are often yellowish, resembling the contents of a “pink tumor”. Almost 100% of those with this presentation can be diagnosed by cystoscopy. Clinical manifestations 1, symptoms: urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urinary pain; discomfort in the urethra during urination; soreness and swelling in the lower abdomen; hematuria in the naked eye; microscopic hematuria; complications of bladder stones. 2, lesion site: unit in the bladder neck; unit in the triangle; both, for the majority; other sites, lateral wall or top, for the minority. Regression It is a benign lesion of the mucosa, but may be a precursor of malignancy. Treatment Laser treatment; simple electrocautery or electrodesiccation of the bladder mucosa; partial cystectomy or even total cystectomy; simple drug instillation has also been advocated, using drugs such as concentrated acid water, 1% silver nitrate, procaine + gentamicin, capsaicin, BCG, thiotepa, 5-FU, mitomycin, hydroxycamptothecin, etc.