Cystoscopy is done on an outpatient basis and the detection rate is 27% to 41%. This is not a small group. It is well known that women are prone to urinary tract infections. However, if there are recurrent urinary tract infections or if this history persists for many years, it can easily evolve from a common cystitis to an adenoidal cystitis. The clinical presentation of adenoid cystitis is basically the same as that of common cystitis, and both may present with frequent urination, urgency, painful urination, hematuria; difficulty in urination; and often with pain in the lower abdomen or perineal area. Some patients will show a decrease in maximum urinary flow rate on urodynamic examination. If regular anti-inflammatory treatment is not effective and tuberculosis infection can be excluded, the presence of this “special” inflammatory disease is highly suspected. If the doctor suspects this disease, he or she will recommend that the patient undergo a cystoscopy. The general or common cystoscopic manifestation of cystitis (non-specific infection) is “increased and thickened mucosal vascular texture”, while adenocystitis has a more specific cystoscopic manifestation: 1. Cystic changes Occasional vesicles of varying size in the lateral and parietal walls, either singly or in clusters, around the triangular area or the urethral orifice. In the early stage, they are translucent and contain clear liquid. In the late stage, the cysts harden and become yellowish gray, and the cysts are filled with yellow mucus or colloidal material. 2, choroidal hyperplasia (or blanket-like changes) resembles choroidal fabric-like lesions that fuse together or are divided by normal or mildly abnormal bladder mucosa into small piece-like lesions. 3, papillomatous type The bladder triangle or neck, multicentric, or scattered, or in patches, or clusters of papillary lesions that may be combined with lobulated and follicular lesions. The ureteral orifice is mostly indistinct. 4, Chronic inflammatory type Increased and thickened mucosal vascular texture is prevalent in the bladder. There is no significant change in the mucosa. There is no typical inflammatory manifestation, only localized congestion or bleeding of the mucosal vessels. The fundamental reason for the different cystoscopic manifestations of adenoid cystitis as opposed to common cystitis is the difference in the pathology of the two. There are four types of pathological tissue types of adenoid cystitis: 1. migratory epithelial type: characterized by brunn’s nest; 2. intestinal epithelial type: fissures appear in the brunn’s nest, forming branching or annular lumen, with glandular tissue in the center, transforming into adenoid structures; along with lymphocytes, plasma cells The nucleus is located on the basal side and the top of the cytoplasm contains abundant mucus vacuoles; 3. Prostatic epithelial type: the glandular epithelium is monolayer columnar, cuboidal or pseudostratified columnar. The glandular lumen is large, with more zou and varying heights. The glandular epithelium has irregular microvilli with abundant coarse-faced endoplasmic reticulum and secretory granules within the cells; collagen-like basement membrane between the glandular epithelium and the stroma; 4. Mixed migratory-prostatic epithelium type. Microscopically, both brunn’s nest and prostatic tissue transformation structures are present. It is the similar structure of “glandular tissue” that makes this type of cystitis called “glandular cystitis.