Chalazion, also known as a chalazion cyst, is a chronic sarcoidosis in the lid gland due to obstruction of the lid gland duct, retention of secretions, and stimulation of cell proliferation in the duct wall. The incidence is particularly high in children and adolescents because of the gland’s high secretion and proliferative capacity. Clinical manifestations The disease is chronic in course and usually has no conscious symptoms. It occurs mostly on the upper lid and is usually solitary, but can also be multiple, or both on the upper and lower lids, or alternating between old and new. The cysts vary in size from as small as a green bean to as large as a corn kernel or even a cherry. The skin of the eyelid is elevated in the area of the cyst, and there is no significant change in color. A round hard nodule can be palpated under the skin. There is no adhesion to the skin and no pressure pain. The conjunctival surface of the eyelid is congested and purplish or purplish-red in the corresponding part of the lesion. Small cysts may resorb and recede on their own, or they may gradually increase in size and rupture from the conjunctival surface of the eyelid, expelling the gelatinous contents and forming a hyperplasia of flesh and tooth tissue at the rupture site, appearing as a bright red flesh and tooth-like redundancy outside the rupture opening. At this time, the child will have a foreign body sensation, and long-term stimulation will cause conjunctivitis, often with secretions adhering. Sometimes secondary infection can occur, presenting as blepharitis, and can break out from the skin surface with pus discharge. In children, lower lid gland cysts can often break from the skin surface of the eyelid on their own, forming a purple-red chronic syringomyelia that does not heal over time, or even scarring and contraction, resulting in scarring ectropion. If the cyst is not absorbed, surgery will be performed after the inflammation is stabilized. 3. If the cyst has broken down on the conjunctival surface of the eyelid and formed a sarcoid, the cyst should be cut out. In cases where the cyst has ruptured under the skin and formed a syringomyelia, a skin incision parallel to the lid margin can be made to completely remove the syringomyelia and suture the skin.