① HBsAg (hepatitis B virus surface antigen), (+) indicates only that there has been or is an ongoing infection with the hepatitis B virus. This alone does not indicate whether the hepatitis B virus is still replicating. ② HBsAb (anti-HBs) (hepatitis B virus surface antibody), (+) is a sign that hepatitis B is cured or tending to be cured. Prevention of hepatitis B with the hepatitis B vaccine also requires the production of anti-HBs in order to be considered a successful prevention. ③HBeAg (e antigen) HBcAg (core antigen), HBVDNA, (+) indicates infectiousness. ④Anti-HBe (e antibody), (+) indicates inactive hepatitis B virus replication, low or little infectiousness, and is a sign that the hepatitis B virus has been infected for a long time. ⑤ anti-HBC (core antibody), whose (+) is a sign of previous or current infection with hepatitis B virus.