Cutaneous mucosal lymph node syndrome, also known as Kawasaki disease, is an acute systemic vasculitis with a predominant onset in infants and children. The greatest danger of Kawasaki disease is damage to the coronary arteries, which is the main cause of pediatric coronary artery disease and a potential risk factor for coronary heart disease in adulthood. Once Kawasaki disease causes narrowing and occlusion of the coronary arteries, it is known as pediatric coronary artery disease. Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis that mainly involves small and medium-sized arteries, especially the coronary arteries. Some children with Kawasaki disease develop coronary artery widening, dilatation, or even coronary aneurysms that rupture and cause death; coronary stenosis or thrombosis may also occur, leading to myocardial infarction. If your child has fever, especially after anti-infection treatment, and still has fever for more than 5 days, parents need to be alert to the following manifestations: 1. 2-4 days after fever, diffuse congestive erythema mainly on the trunk and extremities, most often on the forehead and back, but also on the face and extremities. Generally speaking, this rash lasts about 4-5 days before it subsides; 2. After fever, both eyes have diffuse conjunctival congestion; 3. The lips of the mouth are flushed like cherries, and the lips are dry and cracked and bleeding, the oral mucosa is congested, and the tongue is red and mangoes are visible, resembling prunes; 4. At the beginning of the disease (1-9 days), the fingers and toes are swollen and hard, and the palm surfaces of the hands and feet are red. When entering the recovery period after treatment (9-21 days), there is a large peeling of skin in a membrane-like pattern along the nail beds at the ends of the fingers and toes, and in some babies the skin around the anus also peels, which is a characteristic change of Kawasaki disease; 5. Enlarged non-purulent lymph nodes, about the size of a fava bean, can be palpated in the neck. The prognosis is determined by cardiac ultrasound The main pathological change of Kawasaki disease is vasculitis, which mostly occurs in 2-3 weeks of the disease. Coronary arteritis mostly leads to coronary artery dilation (30%-50%), part of which develops into coronary artery aneurysm, which is the most serious complication of Kawasaki disease. If coronary aneurysms persist, they may develop into coronary artery stenosis and occlusion, leading to ischemic heart disease or myocardial infarction, etc. In a few cases, aneurysm rupture occurs and leads to death. Cardiac ultrasound is a mandatory test when Kawasaki disease is clinically suspected. If heart involvement is found, even if the temperature is normal and you have been discharged from the hospital, you need to continue medication and come to the hospital for regular review. Regular follow up and treatment to the end Discharge from the hospital does not mean the end of treatment. Kawasaki disease treatment includes both hospital treatment and home treatment after discharge from the hospital, so you need to take your medication as prescribed after discharge and come to the hospital for regular follow-up. In general, children without heart involvement (no coronary artery disease) can come to the hospital for a comprehensive checkup 1, 3, 6 months, and 1-2 years after discharge, including physical examination, blood count (platelet count), electrocardiogram, and cardiac ultrasound. If the heart is already involved, you need to go to the hospital for a review at the time specified by your doctor. Kawasaki disease is dangerous and prevention of infection is important Kawasaki disease is so dangerous, so is there any way to prevent it? Although many scholars have done a lot of research, the etiology and pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease are still unclear. However, numerous epidemiological and clinical observations show that Kawasaki disease is caused by infections, especially related to viral infections, such as EBV, human herpes virus, human microvirus, etc. Therefore, parents should actively prevent various infectious diseases.