Esophageal cancer treatment modalities are as follows: 1.Surgery: surgery can be a cure for esophageal cancer with early localized lesions; middle and late stage esophageal cancer patients with distant metastases cannot be cured by surgery alone; 2.Radiation therapy: using radiation to reduce tumor size before surgery, or to eliminate residual cancer cells after surgery, and palliative therapy for patients treated by recurrent surgery; 3.Chemotherapy: only for patients with middle and late stage esophageal cancer who cannot receive surgery, or patients who are not sensitive to radiation therapy; 4.Comprehensive therapy: different plans exist for esophageal cancer treatment depending on the stage of esophageal cancer; the treatment principles are as follows 3.Chemotherapy: only for patients with middle and late stage esophageal cancer who are treated before and after surgery, patients who cannot receive surgery, or patients who are not sensitive to radiotherapy; 4.Comprehensive treatment: different plans exist for esophageal cancer treatment according to different stages of esophageal cancer; the treatment principle is to perform surgical resection as much as possible, with surgical resection as the main treatment and chemotherapy and radiotherapy as auxiliary treatment.