The difference between early esophageal cancer and pharyngitis is mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, the nature of early esophageal cancer and pharyngitis is different, early esophageal cancer is epithelial-derived malignant tumor, while pharyngitis is inflammatory lesion. Secondly, the symptoms of early esophageal cancer and pharyngitis are different. Early symptoms of esophageal cancer are sometimes not obvious to patients and often easy to be ignored, some patients will have symptoms such as foreign body sensation, choking sensation and pain behind the sternum, while pharyngitis will have symptoms such as dry throat, astringent throat and pain in the throat. Thirdly, the treatment methods of early esophageal cancer and pharyngitis are different. Early esophageal cancer can be treated by surgical resection, which has a better prognosis, and if necessary, adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy and other comprehensive treatments are feasible, while pharyngitis can be cured by drug therapy, so patients do not need to worry too much.