1.Organ metastasis If metastasis of important organs such as lung, liver and brain occurs in advanced esophageal cancer, patients may have respiratory difficulties, jaundice, ascites, coma and other symptoms specific to the corresponding organs. Patients with esophage-tracheal fistula, metastasis of supraclavicular lymph nodes and other organs, laryngeal regurgitant nerve palsy and cachexia are all considered as advanced esophageal cancer. 2.Malignant mass Late stage patients have a direct impact on the incidence of complications and surgical mortality after esophagectomy due to the increasing difficulty in swallowing and long-term starvation resulting in negative nitrogen balance and weight loss. Patients with advanced esophageal cancer with obstructive symptoms can have varying degrees of dehydration and reduction in total body fluid due to their difficulty in eating through the mouth. Patients with cachexia and obvious water loss show high emaciation, weakness, loose and dry skin, and an overall state of exhaustion. 3.Bleeding or vomiting blood A part of esophageal cancer patients have vomiting, individual patients have vomiting blood due to tumor invasion of large blood vessels, and occasionally have haemorrhage. According to Wu Yingkai and Huang Guojun (1974), among a group of 841 patients with esophageal and cardia cancer, 24 cases (2.8%) had vomiting blood, which came from cancerous ulcers of esophageal cancer, tumor erosion of large blood vessels in the lung or chest. Vomiting blood is usually the main symptom of patients with advanced esophageal cancer. 4.Sympathetic ganglion compression The sympathetic ganglion is compressed by the cancer, then sympathetic nerve palsy (Homer syndrome) is produced. Patients may have ptosis of the upper eyelid and pupil narrowing, etc.