Frequently asked questions about voice care

  A beautiful voice is like a social door knocker. Two people who have never met each other but only talk on the phone can give each other a good feeling because of their beautiful voices, thus establishing a good friendship. When two people meet for the first time, the state of expression and the effect of the voice are important factors in creating a first impression. However, in the otolaryngology clinic, we often encounter patients with hoarse voice or even complete loss of voice. Some of them are engaged in general occupations, but more of them are professional voice users such as teachers, singing actors and business traders. Most of these patients have recurrent hoarseness, and each time they hope that the doctor will prescribe a good medicine to eradicate their hoarseness. In fact, they neglect the most important point, which is the health care of their voices. Ye Jin, Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Human beings make their voices by breathing airflow through the vocal cords during exhalation and impacting and rubbing the vocal cords, thus causing them to vibrate. Improper voice use is often an important cause of voice diseases. Here are a few points about voice health care in daily life.  First, the correct starting voice The process of changing from silent to vocal, that is, the vocal cords from the breathing state to the articulation state, is called starting voice. There are four types of voice onset, namely breath onset, soft onset, hard onset and compression onset. Among them, soft onset is the exhalation of airflow while the vocal folds are slowly closed, so the onset has a natural and soft feeling. This method is not harmful to the vocal cords. The hard rising voice is to close the vocal door rapidly and forcefully, and blow the vocal door with strong airflow to make the vocal folds vibrate and speak. It has an explosive and strong feeling. Commonly seen in loud shouting, coughing or emotional excitement, anger, it is easy to damage the vocal folds, prone to vocal fold nodules, polyps and other lesions.  In daily life, it is more appropriate to use a soft voice or a soft voice mixed with some hard voice. If the long-term use of hard sound, strong exhaled airflow often impact the tense vocal cords, not only easy to cause fatigue of the laryngeal muscles and surrounding muscles, while the vocal cords are also prone to injury.  Second, the correct method of breathing from the respiratory tract exhaled airflow changes is the energy generated by the sound. If a person does not have the habit of inhaling before vocalizing, that is, no airflow can be exhaled, then also want to make the vocal cords out of sound, it is bound to rely on squeezing the throat out of sound. In the long run, it is easy to cause damage to the vocal cords. In addition, when pronouncing, the diaphragm-based inspiratory muscles keep appropriate tension to regulate the amount of exhalation, so that the pronunciation continues to round, while the abdominal muscles keep sufficient tension to see the excessive movement of the abdominal wall, i.e., chest breathing is the main, and there are simultaneous contractions between the chest and abdominal styles. When people pronounce, they need the coordination of exhalation and inhalation. We call this method of controlling the exhalation of the inspiratory muscles as breathing hold.  Proper use of voice Hoarseness is most obvious after a day or a week of using voice and often speaking in a noisy environment, often caused by pronunciation abuse or excessive use of voice. Prolonged or improper use of voice can cause congestion of the vocal folds as well as cause fatigue of the laryngeal muscles and surrounding muscles, eventually leading to damage to the vocal folds, vocal fold hypertrophy, vocal fold nodules or vocal fold polyps.  4. Good physical condition After suffering from upper respiratory tract infection, patients can pronounce normally, but professional vocalists should try not to try to imitate the normal pronunciation in the past, but to follow the natural transition of the disease process. At the same time, throat-clearing movements and loud coughing should be avoided as much as possible to reduce tissue damage.  Patients with laryngitis should stop using voice and actively treat the primary disease due to vocal cord congestion and mucosal inflammatory damage. In menstruating women, due to the increase of estrogen, eosinophils increase, the laryngeal mucosa thickens and causes rough and unstable sanguine, and pronunciation is easily fatigued. Like other sports, the best state of articulation needs good health and physical fitness as a guarantee, among which thoracic and abdominal breathing support and durability of articulation are especially important.