Indications for surgery for asymptomatic gallbladder stones

  Asymptomatic gallbladder stones (quiescent gallbladder stones) should be considered for elective surgery in the following cases: 1. stones larger than 3 cm; 2. combined with surgery requiring open abdomen; 3. with gallbladder polyps; 4. thickened gallbladder wall; 5. calcified gallbladder wall or porcelain gallbladder; 6. gallbladder stones in children; 7. combined with diabetes mellitus; 8. with cardiopulmonary dysfunction; 9. remote or underdeveloped transportation areas, field 10.Gallbladder stones have been found for more than 10 years.  In addition, patients over 60 years of age should be treated with early surgical operation with good cardiopulmonary function.