”I’ve always heard people talk about men’s prostate disease, and sometimes I find it hard to understand what the prostate is a man’s ‘thing’. The actual fact is that the prostate gland is so important to men. The actual fact is that you’ll be able to find a number of advertisements about the treatment of prostate disease on the walls and poles of various places. What kind of gland is the prostate? Is it unique to men? What part of the body does it grow in? How big is it? What are the main physiological functions?” ”Is there any relationship between the prostate and male fertility function? I have heard that men with prostatitis can cause infertility, I wonder if this is true? Is the prostate related to emotions?” In fact, the prostate, like other glands such as the parotid and pancreas, is an important exocrine gland in the human body. In addition to its exocrine function, the prostate also has an endocrine function. It is surrounded by other glands such as the seminal vesicles and the paraurethral glands. The prostate gland is a reproductive gland unique to men and does not exist in women (some believe that the uterus is the female “prostate”). At the same time, it is the largest accessory gonad in the male reproductive organs and has a special role in male reproductive function, as well as a special relationship with the male urinary system. The prostate gland is located in the male pelvic cavity. It resides below the bladder, above the urogenital compartment, behind the pubic arch at the lower edge of the pubic symphysis, and on the anterior wall of the rectum, about 6 to 8 cm from the anus. The urethra passes through the center of the prostate, which is wrapped around the urethra, 1/3 of which is before the urethra and 2/3 of which is after the urethra. When hypertrophy occurs on the urethral side of the prostate, it is very likely to cause abnormal urination symptoms. The upper part of the back of the prostate is pierced by the left and right ejaculatory ducts, while the seminal vesicle gland is close to the upper edge of the back of the prostate. The central depression and the left and right bulges of the back of the prostate, which is customarily called the central sulcus and the left and right lobes, can be palpated through rectal palpation. This is the reason why when you go to the hospital for prostate disease, the doctor requires an anal examination. The normal prostate is shaped like a chestnut, cone-shaped, with the bottom facing up and the tip facing down. Its width (i.e., transverse diameter) is from one side to the other, about 4 cm; its length (i.e., longitudinal diameter) is from the tip to the bottom, about 3 cm; and its thickness (i.e., anterior and posterior diameter) is about 2 cm. Its total weight is about 20 grams. When you are done with the ultrasound prompted by: 4 x 3 x 2 cm, you can basically consider your prostate size normal. Of course, the size of the prostate also has a certain relationship with the individual and age. When several of these numbers are significantly larger, or have more obvious clinical symptoms, the possibility of prostate enlargement cannot be denied. The prostate is an organ made up of glands and muscle fibers. The glandular tissue accounts for 70% of the tissue and consists mainly of high columnar epithelium; the myofibrous tissue accounts for 30% and it serves as a scaffold for the glandular tissue. When subjected to sexual stimulation or local stimulation of the prostate, it secretes a large amount of prostatic fluid, and these liquid substances are one of the important substances that assist the sperm to perform properly. The physiological functions of the prostate are divided into four areas. 1, with exocrine function, it can secrete prostatic fluid, is an important component of semen, for the normal function of sperm has an important role, very important for fertility. The secretion of prostatic fluid is regulated by androgens; 2, has an endocrine function. The prostate is rich in 5а-reductase, which converts testosterone into the more physiologically active dihydrotestosterone. Dihydrotestosterone plays an important role in the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia. By blocking the 5а-reductase enzyme, the production of dihydrotestosterone can be reduced, thus causing the hyperplastic prostate tissue to atrophy; 3. It has the function of controlling urination. Its circular smooth muscle fibers surround the prostatic part of the urethra and are involved in constituting the internal urethral sphincter. When the urge to urinate occurs, accompanied by the contraction of the forced urinary muscle, the internal sphincter is relaxed, so that urination proceeds smoothly; 4, has a transport function. The prostate parenchyma is crossed by the urethra and two ejaculatory ducts. When there is ejaculation, the muscles of the prostate and seminal vesicle glands contract, which can press the contents of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle glands into the posterior urethra via the ejaculatory ducts and then out of the body. All of this means that the prostate is not only the largest accessory gland in men, but also a gland with important functions and roles.