Headaches can affect our health all the time, so what about headaches?
I. Medical history
Headache is a common symptom of the nervous system. Taking a medical history should include.
1. the speed of occurrence of the headache.
2. the location and nature of the headache, whether it is the whole headache or limited to one side, whether it is frontal, parietal or occipital or variable. The nature of the headache can be distension, throbbing pain, drilling pain, splitting pain, slashing pain or vague pain.
3. The time of occurrence and duration of headache.
4. Whether the headache is regular, continuous, fluctuating, or periodic, and whether it is related to the time position, head position, and the action that causes temporary increase of cerebrospinal fluid pressure (such as exertion, sneezing, coughing, defecation, etc.).
5. The degree of headache is influenced by the location of the lesion, the degree of damage and the individual response. The degree of headache cannot reflect the severity of the disease, and there is no parallel relationship between the two. Whether its degree affects work and sleep.
6.Factors that induce aggravation and relief of headache.
7.Systemic diseases and limited diseases of head and face such as eye, ear, paranasal sinus, teeth and mental factors.
8.Concomitant symptoms of headache, whether there is nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, flashing light, diplopia, tinnitus, aphasia, paralysis, syncope, etc.
9.Immediate treatment or not, which drugs are effective, which drugs are ineffective, etc.
Physical examination
In case of headache, there is no abnormal finding in physical examination, but reasonable examination should be conducted according to the medical history, such as fundus examination, cephalad, ear, sinus, oral examination and the presence of neurological localization signs. Students and elderly patients should pay attention to the examination of visual acuity.
Auxiliary examinations
1.Cerebral hemogram or transcranial Doppler ultrasonography is suitable for migraine and cluster headache.
2.Brain CT or mri examination is suitable for suspected tumor, abscess, hematoma, increased intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus, cerebral edema, venous sinus thrombosis, cerebral cysticercosis, etc.
3.lumbar puncture examination For suspected intracranial inflammation such as meningitis, hemorrhagic diseases such as subarachnoid hemorrhage, etc.
4.Internal fractionation examination is applicable to migraine, headache caused by internal fractionation factors, etc.
5.Paranasal sinus plain film is applicable to paranasal sinusitis, etc.
6.Electroencephalography is applicable to headache epilepsy, encephalitis and other exclusion diagnosis.