The clinical manifestations of shallow coma include loss of eye opening response or occasional semi-closed state, loss of language, rare spontaneous movements, and complete lack of awareness and response to various external stimuli and intrinsic needs. However, strong painful stimuli can be seen in patients with painful expressions, moaning or defensive reflexes of the limbs and accelerated breathing. Brainstem reflexes such as gag reflex, cough reflex, corneal reflex and pupil-to-light reflex still exist, and oculocerebral reflex may also exist. Respiration, pulse and blood pressure are usually not significantly changed. Retention or incontinence of urine and feces.
Prevention methods for shallow coma.
Life should be regular
The elderly can do some work as they can, but do not overexert themselves.
Control of high blood pressure
The ideal control of blood pressure requires attention to many aspects.
(1) Blood pressure control at the ideal level: An intervention experiment with a large population in China showed that 140/80 mmHg may be the ideal blood pressure value for preventing cerebrovascular disease. However, some people who have lowered their blood pressure to this level are experiencing symptoms of cerebral ischemia, either because the rate of blood pressure lowering is too fast or because the ideal blood pressure for these people is slightly higher than the above value. This is due to individual differences. A more feasible approach is to gradually lower the blood pressure to the above level or slightly higher over a period of time without the uncomfortable symptoms of cerebral ischemia.
(2) Blood pressure should be controlled steadily: make the “peaks” and “troughs” of blood pressure in 24h close to each other, so as to avoid the damage to blood vessel walls caused by fluctuations in blood pressure and to prevent the possible lack of cerebral perfusion caused by too low blood pressure. Do not lower blood pressure too quickly.
(3) Maintain a relaxed mood: The occurrence of primary hypertension has a clear relationship with the environment and mental state. Environmental factors include diet, social environment, life changes, and mental conflicts. Highly stressful events can cause sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction and other autonomic responses, which have a large and lasting effect on blood pressure. brod observed that hypertensive patients have a longer-lasting vasoconstriction response than normal people when they are stressed. Susceptible individuals exhibit acute and sustained increases in blood pressure in response to general and specific stress. Psychophysiological studies suggest that mental stress, autonomic activity and conditioning can cause hypertension. Therefore, supportive psychotherapy is necessary for hypertensive patients.
(4) Simultaneous non-pharmacological therapies: such as salt intake restriction, weight reduction, lipid reduction, moderate exercise, biofeedback therapy, etc., can consolidate and promote the antihypertensive effect of drugs.
Maintain a good state of mind
Keep optimistic emotions and avoid over-excitement. Be calm, reduce worries, do not be overly sad and happy, be indifferent to fame and fortune, and be happy with what you have.
Pay attention to diet
Pay attention to low-fat, low-salt, low-sugar diet. Eat less animal brains, offal, more vegetables, fruits, soy products, with appropriate amount of lean meat, fish, eggs.
Prevent constipation
Constipation, bowel movements, not only the abdominal pressure rises, blood pressure and intracranial pressure also rises at the same time, it is easy to make the fragile small blood vessels rupture and cause cerebral hemorrhage. To prevent constipation, eat more fiber-rich foods, such as green vegetables, celery, leeks and fruits. Appropriate exercise and self-care massage of the abdomen before waking up in the morning, or the use of appropriate drugs such as marijuana pills, honey taken orally, open plug, glycerin used externally; can effectively prevent constipation.
Prevent strain
Physical and mental work should not be overworked, overload work can trigger cerebral hemorrhage.
Pay attention to weather changes
Cold weather is a good season for stroke, blood vessel contraction, blood pressure is easy to rise, pay attention to keep warm, so that the body adapt to climate change. Also according to their health condition, some suitable physical exercise, such as walking, doing radio gymnastics, etc., to promote blood circulation.
Move your left hand often
In daily life, use the left upper limb and left lower limb as much as possible, especially the left hand, which can reduce the burden on the left hemisphere of the brain and exercise the right hemisphere of the brain to strengthen the coordination function of the right hemisphere of the brain. Medical research shows that cerebral hemorrhage is most likely to occur in the right cerebral hemisphere where blood vessels are more fragile, so the best way to prevent the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage is to use the left hand to turn two fitness balls in the morning and evening to help the right cerebral hemisphere develop.
Pay close attention to your body changes
Stroke will have some aura symptoms, such as severe headache without a cause, dizziness, syncope, some sudden body numbness, weakness or momentary loss of vision, language communication difficulties, etc., should be promptly checked and treated by a doctor.