Hepatitis C is a disease mainly transmitted by blood. Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to chronic inflammation, necrosis and fibrosis of the liver, and some patients may develop cirrhosis or even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is very harmful to the health and life of patients. HCV is sensitive to general chemical disinfectants; 100℃ for 5min or 60℃ for 10h, high-pressure steam and formaldehyde fumigation can inactivate the virus. Hepatitis C transmission routes: (1) Transmission through blood transfusion and blood products. Since 1993, after screening blood donors for anti-HCV, this route has been effectively controlled. However, due to the window period of anti-HCV, the unstable quality of anti-HCV testing reagents and the fact that a small number of infected people do not produce anti-HCV, it is not possible to completely screen out HCV RN A-positive people, and a large number of blood transfusions and hemodialysis may still be infected with HCV. 2) Transmission through broken skin and mucous membranes. This is by far the most predominant mode of transmission, with HCV transmission due to intravenous drug use accounting for 60% to 9 0% of cases in some areas. The use of non-disposable syringes and needles, dental instruments that are not strictly sterilized, endoscopes, invasive manipulation and needlesticks are also important routes of transmission through the skin and mucous membranes. Some traditional medical treatments that may lead to skin breakdown and blood exposure are also associated with HCV transmission; sharing razors, toothbrushes, tattoos and earring piercings are also potential modes of HCV transmission. (2) Sexual transmission: People who have sexual intercourse with HCV-infected persons and those who engage in promiscuous behavior are at higher risk of HCV infection. People with other sexually transmitted diseases, especially those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), have a higher risk of HCV infection. (3) Mother-to-child transmission: The risk of HCV transmission from an anti-HCV positive mother to her newborn is 2%, but if the mother is HCV RNA positive at the time of delivery, the risk of transmission can be as high as 4% to 7%; the risk of transmission increases to 20% when combined with HIV infection; high HCV viral load increases the risk of transmission. The route of transmission is unknown in some HCV-infected individuals. Kissing, hugging, sneezing, coughing, food, drinking water, sharing utensils and cups, no skin breaks, and other non-blood-exposing contacts generally do not transmit HCV. HCV infection is considered chronic if the viremia persists for 6 months without clearing the infection, and the rate of chronicity of hepatitis C is 50% to 85%. The incidence of cirrhosis 20 years after infection is 2% to 4% in children and young women, 20% to 30% in middle-aged people infected by blood transfusion, and 10% to 15% in the general population. The rate of spontaneous clearance is higher in people younger than 40 years old and in women infected with HCV, and the progression of the disease is facilitated in people older than 40 years of age, in men, and in people with HIV co-infection that causes immune deficiencies. Co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), alcoholism (more than 50 g/d), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), high liver iron load, co-infection with Schistosoma haematobium, hepatotoxic medications, and toxic substances due to environmental pollution also contribute to the progression of the disease. The incidence of HCV-associated HCC ranges from 1% to 3% after 30 years of infection, mainly in patients with cirrhosis and progressive hepatic fibrosis, and once cirrhosis develops, the annual incidence of HCC ranges from 1% to 7%. Once cirrhosis develops, the annual incidence of HCC is 1% to 7%. The above factors that promote the progression of hepatitis C and diabetes mellitus can all contribute to the development of HCC. Cirrhosis and HCC are the main causes of death in patients with chronic hepatitis C, of which decompensated cirrhosis is the most important. Second, the treatment of hepatitis C Diagnosis: 1, history of blood transfusion or close contact with hepatitis C patients. 2, clinical manifestations: generalized weakness, loss of appetite, nausea and right quarter rib pain, etc., a few accompanied by low fever, mild hepatomegaly, some patients may have splenomegaly, a few patients may have jaundice. Some patients may have splenomegaly, and a few may have jaundice. Some patients may have no obvious symptoms, which may manifest as insidious infection. Laboratory tests: ALT is mildly and moderately elevated or normal, anti-HCV and HCV RNA are positive. The purpose of antiviral therapy is to remove or continuously inhibit HCV in the body in order to improve or reduce liver damage, prevent progression to cirrhosis, liver failure or HCC, and improve the quality of life of patients. Only patients with hepatitis C diagnosed as serum HCV RNA positive need antiviral treatment. The current standard regimen for hepatitis C treatment at home and abroad is interferon plus ribavirin tablets.