Symptom Self-Rating Scale SCL-90 Operations Manual The Mental Health Symptom Self-Rating Scale is designed to rate individuals’ mental health symptoms in the areas of feelings, emotions, thinking, behavior up to lifestyle habits, interpersonal relationships, eating and sleeping. The scale consists of 90 entries in 9 subscales, namely somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobia, paranoia, and psychoticism. (1) Somatization:It includes 1,4,12,27,40,42,48,49,52,53,56 and 58, a total of 12 items. This factor mainly reflects the subjective physical discomfort. (2)Obsessive-compulsive symptoms:3,9,10,28,38,45,46,51,55 and 65, a total of 10 items, reflecting clinical clusters of obsessive-compulsive symptoms . (3) Interpersonal sensitivity:Including 6,21,34,36,37,41,61,69 and 73, a total of 9 items. It mainly refers to certain feelings of personal discomfort and inferiority, especially when compared with others. (4) Depression:Including 5,14,15,20,22,26,29,30,31,32,54,71 and 79, a total of 13 items. Reflects a broad range of concepts linked to clinical clusters of depressive symptoms. (5) Anxiety:Includes 2,17,23,33,39,57,72,78,80 and 86, a total of 10 items. It refers to psychiatric symptoms and experiences that are clinically apparently associated with the anxiety symptom cluster. (6) Hostility:Includes 11,24,63,67,74 and 81, a total of 6 items. It mainly reflects the patient’s hostility performance from three aspects: thinking, emotion and behavior. (7) Terror: including 13,25,47,50,70,75 and 82, a total of 7 items. It is basically the same as what is reflected by the traditional terror state or square terror. (8) Paranoia:Including 8,18,43,68,76 and 83, a total of 6 items. Mainly refers to suspicion and relationship delusions, etc. (9) Psychotic: including 7,16,35,62,77,84,85,87,88 and 90, a total of 10 items. Among them, hallucinations, thought broadcasting, and sense of being insightful reflected schizophrenic-like symptoms items. Seven items, 19, 44, 59, 60, 64, 66 and 89, were not included in the above-mentioned factors, but mainly reflected sleep and diet. In some data analyses, we classified them as factor 10 “other”. Scope of application 1, in psychiatric and counseling clinics, it is used as an assessment tool to understand the mental health problems of patients or counseled patients; 2, in general hospitals, the scale is often used to understand the psychiatric symptoms of patients with somatic diseases and the results are considered satisfactory; 3, the SCL-90 is used to investigate the mental health problems of different occupational groups, reflecting the mental health problems of various occupational groups from different aspects. The number of positive items refers to the number of items rated as 1-4, which indicates how many items the subjects feel “symptomatic”. The mean positive symptom score is the level at which an individual feels bad about himself/herself on an item. Its meaning is the same as that of the total symptom index. The application of the reference norm provides a simple interpretation of the test results, which should be considered rather crude and is mainly for subjects or students who are not familiar with psychometric knowledge. To further understand the significance of the test results it is necessary to compare the test scores to the norm to find out how much the subjects’ scores on each subscale differ from the general level. In this way, the significance of the subjects’ scores can be accurately determined. For this scale, the classification of the scores of each subscale is as follows: (1) those within one standard deviation above or below the mean are “moderate symptoms”; (2) those within two standard deviations above or below the mean are “higher or lower symptoms”; (3) those within one standard deviation above or below the mean are “higher or lower symptoms “(3) those with more than two standard deviations above or below the mean are “high or low symptom performance”. Therefore, it is not enough to look at the scores of subjects on the surface, but also to look at their levels in the same group in order to determine the true extent of their symptom performance. For example, if the mean score of the subscale in the normative model is high, and the score of the subject does not exceed one standard deviation, then it means that the subject’s symptom performance in that area is only a moderate level and there is no need to worry too much.