The surgical site of esophageal cancer should depend on the lesion area of esophagus, which can be divided into three surgical methods: 1. For lower esophageal cancer or cardia cancer, the surgery is usually done through all incisions in the left chest; 2. For middle esophagus or lower middle esophagus, two incisions through the right chest are needed, i.e. all incisions in the chest and all incisions in the middle of the abdomen; 3. For middle and upper esophageal cancer, three-incision surgery may be needed, i.e. all incisions in the abdomen, all incisions in the right chest and all incisions in the neck, and the purpose of the incision in the neck is to do gastroesophageal anastomosis.