Systemic scleroderma, or systemic sclerosis, is a systemic disease of unknown cause that is clinically characterized by limited or diffuse skin thickening and fibrosis and can affect organs such as the heart, lungs, and digestive tract. Systemic sclerosis is generally thought to be associated with genetic and environmental factors. Its pathogenesis is unclear. It is currently believed that the dysfunction of the immune system, activation, secretion of a variety of cytokines, the production of a variety of autoantibodies, etc. caused by vascular endothelial cell damage and activation, stimulating fibroblasts to synthesize excessive collagen, resulting in vascular wall and tissue fibrosis. Extensive vasculopathy, collagen proliferation, and fibrosis in the affected tissues are the pathological features of this disease. Systemic sclerosis can present Raynaud’s phenomenon; skin erythema, itching, skin thickening, hardening, and even skin atrophy; joint pain; dysphagia; interstitial lung disease and other clinical symptoms, and in severe cases, it can also involve the heart, and pericardial effusion and so on. When the patient appears systemic sclerosis related discomfort, it is recommended to go to the regular hospital in time to improve the relevant examination to clarify the diagnosis, and if necessary, follow the doctor’s instructions to standardize the treatment.