1.Surgical removal of benign thyroid adenoma is not advocated, because thyroid surgery has more complications and high recurrence rate, and also may cause lifelong hypothyroidism, in order to avoid these tragedies, surgery should be avoided. 2.For patients with benign thyroid adenoma, it is recommended to use the most current technology, superconducting pinhole localization ablation, which has been quite mature in clinical application and has remarkable effect in treating thyroid adenoma with short course of treatment, and is a good choice for patients. 3.Malignant thyroid adenoma, also known as thyroid cancer, should not be partially excised or enucleated because of its high percentage of residual tumor, at least the lobes and isthmus of the gland should be excised. Many other scholars advocate total thyroidectomy, believing that this procedure will reduce the local recurrence rate, but the probability of damage to the laryngeal nerve and parathyroid function increases. Ultrasound examination is of great value in determining the nature of thyroid adenoma and following up after treatment. Experienced ultrasound diagnosis can more accurately identify the benign and malignant thyroid nodules and cervical lymph nodes, and it should be strongly advocated to replace the traditional method of palpation to reduce unnecessary surgery. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and radioactive particle implantation are not effective for differentiated carcinoma and medullary carcinoma, and are only applicable to trace residual tumors at important organs and blood vessels. 6.For malignant thyroid tumor, postoperative hormone replacement is necessary to suppress the level of thyrotropin to prevent recurrence. It is recommended to take thyroxine after thyroid cancer surgery to control thyrotropin below the normal low boundary or zero value.