Patients with esophageal cancer will show some typical symptoms and signs when they visit the doctor, mainly as follows: 1. Progressive dysphagia: Patients mainly have obstruction in eating dry food at the beginning, but if the obstruction is obvious, it may gradually develop to obstruction even in eating liquid food, and even water cannot be swallowed; 2. Food reflux: Patients with esophageal cancer have difficulty in swallowing, so what they swallow basically cannot enter the stomach, so food reflux occurs directly; 3. Therefore, the food swallowed by the patient basically cannot enter the stomach, so food reflux occurs directly; 3. Pain in swallowing: patients will experience some pain when swallowing because of the difficulty in eating; 4. Patients with advanced esophageal cancer will experience some systemic symptoms, such as wasting and cachexia because of the long-term difficulty in eating. If esophageal cancer invades the recurrent laryngeal nerve, patients will have hoarseness, i.e. hoarse voice; 5. Esophagus and trachea are two organs close to each other, and if esophageal cancer invades beyond the plasma membrane layer, it will directly invade its surrounding. If esophageal cancer invades trachea, patients will develop esophagotracheal fistula, and then choking and coughing and lung infection will occur.