Gallstone disease is one of the common surgical diseases and its incidence has been on the rise in recent years. The causes of gallstone formation are very complex, and the current medical consensus risk factors for gallstone disease (5F) include: obesity (fatty), family history (family history) high-fat diet (fatty meal), over forty years old (forty), female (female); poor dietary habits and female pregnancy are also high risk factors for gallstone disease. 1. Can gallstones be dissolved? The so-called lithotriptic drugs often do not have a good therapeutic effect. In a clinical trial in the United States, there was no significant effect even after 10 years of taking the drugs. 2.What kind of cases need surgery? For the so-called “quiescent” gallbladder stones without symptoms, if the stones are single, larger than 5 mm and the cystic ducts are not dilated, they can be followed up regularly. In elderly patients, women with underlying diseases or those who are preparing for childbirth, surgical treatment should be considered even if they are asymptomatic, because the risk of emergency surgery is higher in the first two cases when conservative treatment for acute attacks is ineffective, while in the latter case, if acute cholecystitis occurs during pregnancy, clinical treatment is greatly constrained due to fetal considerations. In addition, atrophic gallbladder with or without stones is an absolute indication for surgery. 3. Won’t the body be one less organ after gallbladder removal? The most important physiological function of the gallbladder is to concentrate bile, and concentrated bile can fully emulsify fat and protein, which is more conducive to the absorption of the small intestine. If we don’t have a gallbladder, the most obvious effect is mild steatorrhea after eating in the early postoperative period. Through dietary guidance, most patients’ diarrhea symptoms disappear within 2 weeks. 4.What will happen without surgery? Acute and chronic cholecystitis, gallbladder perforation, acute cholangitis, acute biliary pancreatitis, and the most terrible thing is that it has a close connection with gallbladder cancer. The proportion of gallbladder cancer combined with stones is 80%~100%; gallbladder cancer occurs in 1.5%~6.3% of patients with gallbladder stones; clinically, for every 100 gallbladders removed, one case of gallbladder cancer will be found; the larger the gallbladder stones are, the higher the chance of gallbladder cancer. Gallbladder stones larger than 3 cm in diameter are 10.1 times more dangerous than those below 1 cm in diameter, and gallbladder stones larger than 1 cm are 29.9 times more dangerous than those without gallbladder stones.