Complications after esophageal cancer surgery are as follows: 1. Pulmonary infection: it is the first complication of thoracic surgery and less than 1% of patients die from severe pulmonary infection; 2. Anastomotic fistula: the chance of occurrence is low. After the patient is complicated with anastomotic fistula, digestive fluid and saliva can enter the mediastinum and thoracic cavity, causing serious infection and threatening the patient’s life, and the patient’s hospitalization period, treatment period and cost are prolonged and increased; 3. Cardiac complications: middle-aged and elderly patients with esophageal cancer may suffer from lethal cardiac arrest during surgical anesthesia, the incidence of which is less than 1 per 1,000.