The following preparations should be done before esophageal cancer surgery: 1. Respiratory preparation: 1 week before surgery, quit smoking and alcohol and train patients to cough. Because the surgery of esophageal cancer is quite traumatic, some people dare not cough after surgery because of fear of pain, so coughing training before surgery is helpful for lung management after surgery; 2. Improve preoperative related examinations: such as blood routine, urine routine, liver function, coagulation mechanism. If malnutrition or anemia or hypoproteinemia occurs, make the appropriate adjustments; 3. Intestinal preparation: Previously, the corresponding intestinal preparation, like enema treatment, is no longer required for special intestinal preparation, unless the patient is a colon instead of esophagus, 3 days before surgery continuous enema, the night before surgery fasting water to do intestinal preparation; if the stomach is prepared to replace the esophageal anastomosis, 1 night before surgery can drink 400 ml If the stomach is to be used instead of the esophageal anastomosis, 400 ml of saline with 200 ml of olive oil can be consumed one night before the operation. The purpose of drinking olive oil is to detect any injury to the thoracic duct in time for the surgery.