Lymphatic metastasis of esophageal cancer is divided into four stages: stage Nx where it is impossible to determine whether there is lymph node metastasis, stage N1 where there are 1-2 regions of lymph node metastasis, stage N2 where there are 3-6 regions of lymph node metastasis, and stage N3 where there are more than 7 regions of lymph node metastasis. The most common pathological type of esophageal cancer is squamous carcinoma, which originates from the squamous epithelium of the esophagus. Lymph node metastasis is the main and most common metastatic route, mainly thoracic mediastinal lymph node metastasis, and advanced stage patients are prone to left supraclavicular lymph node metastasis. With the progression of the disease, patients will show significant loss of appetite, choking and difficulty in swallowing, as well as wasting and anemia. For patients with early diagnosis, surgical treatment and lymph node dissection should be actively performed. Patients with advanced disease can opt for esophageal stenting, which can solve the problem of eating, and can also be combined with local radiotherapy.